The twenty day signs are one of the two cycles of the tzolkin, the 260-day count used across Mesoamerica. Each has a name (Imix, Ik, Akbal and the rest in Yucatec Maya, with different names in other Mesoamerican languages), and a set of associations. Paired with the thirteen numbers they give the 260 named days of the round, a count still kept by daykeepers in highland Guatemala.
Facts
Structure
StructureThe twenty day signs run against the thirteen numbered tones. Because 13 and 20 share no common factor, a given sign-and-number pairing recurs only every 260 days. 2 Overview
Size of the Traditional Set Comparison
Cultural Origin Era of Origin Attestation
Era of AttestationAttested in Mesoamerica from at least the sixth century BCE. 1 Status
Status TodayLiving: K'iche' day-keepers in the Guatemalan highlands keep the 260-day count today, without a break in the sequence. 3 Learn More
The Twenty Day Signs
The twenty day signs are one of the two cycles of the tzolkin, the 260-day ritual count used across Mesoamerica. Each sign has a name (Imix, Ik, Akbal, Kan and the rest in Yucatec Maya, with different names in other Mesoamerican languages such as Nahuatl), and a set of associations: a direction, a patron deity, and qualities of character and fortune.
Running the twenty day signs against the thirteen tones produces the 260-day count, in which a given sign-and-number pairing recurs only every two hundred and sixty days. The count is attested across Mesoamerica for well over two thousand years.
Day-Sign and Destiny
In the Mesoamerican tradition the day sign of a person's birth was held to shape their character and fate, and the tzolkin was used for divination, naming, and the scheduling of ritual, a role that continues among some Maya communities today, where day-keepers maintain the count. Each sign carries its own auguries.
The atlas gives each day sign its name, direction, patron and associations. The day signs pair with the thirteen tones, and work alongside the haab and Long Count, each treated in its own category under Calendars & Time.
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Tzolkin Day Signs
Sources
1. The Maya (9th edition)
Michael D. Coe and Stephen Houston, Thames and Hudson, 2015on the tzolkinView the Source 2. Maya Hieroglyphic Writing: An Introduction
J. Eric S. Thompson, University of Oklahoma Press, 1962on the 260-day countView the Source 3. Time and the Highland Maya
Barbara Tedlock, University of New Mexico Press (revised edition), 1992on the day-keepers of Momostenango
4. Wikipedia: Tzolk'in
WikipediaTzolkin, lead definition sentence
The tzolkin is the 260-day Mesoamerican calendar used by the Maya civilization of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica.
Tzolkin, dating of earliest constructions
The dating of the earliest constructions indicates that it was in use by 1100 BCE.
View the Source Divinity Atlas Directory Prose, First Edition Category Descriptions
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