Home›Contemplative Disciplines›Belongs To TraditionBrowse ByBelongs To TraditionThis page groups disciplines by the religion whose beliefs they study from the inside. Wikipedia notes that "theology is the study of religious belief from a religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity and the history behind religion." Browsing by belongs-to-tradition lets a visitor find every discipline built to study the same religion.FactsLearn MoreBelongs To TraditionSourcesComments (0)Reader Challenges (0)FactsDirectoryCategoryWell-attestedDisciplines 1Learn MoreTwenty Five Techniques Spanning Every Major Contemplative Lineage This article records tradition as it has been passed down and reported. Its sources are not yet part of the atlas's verified catalogue.Contemplative Disciplines gathers twenty five practices unified by a shared aim, training attention or the body toward stillness, insight or communion, drawn from nearly every major religious tradition plus several modern syntheses built on older material. The largest cluster comes from Indian and Buddhist tradition: yoga, pranayama, tantra, hatha yoga and kundalini yoga from Hindu and yogic sources, zazen and vipassana from Zen and Theravada Buddhism, dzogchen from Tibetan Buddhism and Bon, kalachakra from Indian Buddhist tantra, and japa, repeated mantra recitation, practised across Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh and Jain traditions alike. Several of these carry a registered restricted tradition of their own: dzogchen's own record says its central transmission requires a qualified lineage holder and cannot be conveyed by description, tantra's own record says it does not supply initiatory content, and japa distinguishes a mantra freely taught from a personal mantra a guru gives privately. This entry follows each member's own published limit rather than adding to it. Chinese tradition contributes qigong and tai chi, cultivating qi through movement and breath, and Sufism contributes dhikr, remembrance of God's names organised into initiatory orders. Christian tradition contributes contemplative prayer and hesychasm, both aimed at wordless attention to God, the second centred on the Jesus Prayer and Mount Athos. Sikhism contributes naam simran, and the Plains nations contribute the vision quest, a solitary fast undertaken to seek guidance. Fasting and pilgrimage close the group as disciplines nearly every tradition shares, and Gene Keys and mudra practice sit at its more modern and technical edges.Belongs To TraditionFilter Results10 entriesAdherents Today MaximumAll14,800,000 (1)30,000,000 (1)324,000,000 (1)1,200,000,000 (1)2,000,000,000 (1)2,300,000,000 (1)Adherents Today MinimumAll14,800,000 (1)25,000,000 (1)324,000,000 (1)1,200,000,000 (1)2,000,000,000 (1)2,300,000,000 (1)Basis of the Membership FigureAllIndependent Survey (8)National Census (1)Scholarly or Demographic Estimate (4)Era of Decline End YearAll1976 (3)Era of Decline Start YearAll1966 (3)Establishment StatusAllDeclared Not Established (1)Disestablished (1)Established (1)Varies by Province (4)How the Expectation Is EnforcedAllCodified Obligation With Consequences (1)Customary Norm (5)Membership Figure As OfAll2001-03-01 (1)2010-01-01 (4)2011-01-27 (1)2011-03-01 (1)2011-12-19 (1)2012-12-18 (2)2013-01-01 (1)2015-01-01 (1)2016-01-01 (2)2018-01-01 (3)2020-01-01 (5)2021-01-01 (1)2023-08-30 (1)Origin Period End YearAll1046 BCE (1)500 BCE (1)479 BCE (1)400 BCE (2)50 (1)142 (1)632 (1)1708 (1)Origin Period Start YearAll1600 BCE (1)1500 BCE (1)586 BCE (1)551 BCE (1)500 BCE (1)400 BCE (1)30 (1)610 (1)1499 (1)Position on MarriageAllMarriage is held to be monogamous, with remarriage after divorce sanctioned under specified conditions (1)Marriage may licitly be polygynous (1)Position on SexualityAllSame-sex orientation or practice is held to bar full membership or participation (2)The body holds no single settled position; the question is actively and openly contested within it (2)Position on UsuryAllInterest is permitted but bound by ethical constraints against exploiting the poor (1)Interest of any kind on a loan is forbidden (1)Practice StatusAllLiving, and practised in varied local forms (7)Partly restricted: some elements are closed to outsiders (3)Standard Rate ExpectedAllTen percent. (2)Two and a half percent. (1)Status TodayAllLiving tradition, practised today (10)TheologyAllAncestor-centred (2)Animist: persons and powers in land, water and living things (1)Monistic: one ultimate reality behind all appearance (2)Monotheistic: one God (4)Non-theistic: no creator god is central (2)Panentheistic: the divine both within the world and beyond it (1)Polytheistic: many gods (3)Show ResultsBrowseCompareBuddhismBelongs To Tradition4 entriesChinese Folk ReligionBelongs To Tradition1 entryChristianityBelongs To Tradition1 entryConfucianismBelongs To Tradition1 entryHinduismBelongs To Tradition3 entriesIslamBelongs To Tradition1 entryJudaismBelongs To Tradition1 entryNative American ReligionBelongs To Tradition1 entrySikhismBelongs To Tradition1 entryTaoismBelongs To Tradition2 entriesSources1. Divinity Atlas Directory Taxonomy, First Edition Category Treetier 1Divinity Atlas Directory Prose, First Edition Category Descriptionstier 1Comments (0)No comments yet. 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