Dumuzid, also called Dumuzi or Tammuz, is an ancient Mesopotamian and Levantine god associated with shepherds and agriculture, and the first husband of the goddess Inanna, later known as Ishtar. The Sumerian King List remembers him as an early king of Uruk, and in the myth known as The Descent of Inanna, Inanna finds that Dumuzid has failed to mourn her death properly and allows demons to drag him to the underworld in her place, later decreeing that he spend half the year below and half the year in heaven with her while his sister Geshtinanna takes his place in turn. His yearly death was blamed for the hot, dry Mesopotamian summer, and communities across the region observed ritual mourning during the month named for him. His cult spread to the Levant and to Greece, where he became known as Adonis. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Facts
Attestation
Era of Attestation Veneration TodayHistorically attested; no continuous cult 2 HistoricityNot a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being 1 Belief
TheologyPolytheistic: many gods 1 Function
Domain / Function Sources
1. The Facts on File Encyclopedia of World Mythology and Legend
Anthony S. Mercatante, revised and expanded by James R. Dow, Facts on File
2. Ancient Mesopotamian Gods and Goddesses
Nicole Brisch (ed.), Oracc / Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus, University of Pennsylvania
3. Dumuzi, Earliest Attestation in the Early Dynastic III Period (Wikipedia)
Dumuzid, Early Dynastic III period
Wikipedia, "Dumuzid"
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