As the Japanese face of Mercury, Omoikane embodies intellect, counsel, and ingenuity. Omoikane is the Shinto god of wisdom, thought, and good counsel, whose name suggests the gathering and serving of many thoughts at once. When the sun goddess Amaterasu hid herself in a cave and darkness covered the world, it was Omoikane whom the gods called upon to devise the clever scheme that lured her out, restoring the light, and it is to him they turn whenever wise plans are needed. He embodies the discerning intellect, sound counsel, and the ingenuity that solves what strength cannot.
Facts
Attestation
Era of Attestation Veneration TodayActively venerated in a living tradition 1 HistoricityNot a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being 1 Cult
Attributes and IconographyDevised the scheme that lured the sun goddess Amaterasu from her cave 1 History
Historical NoteIt is to him the gods turn whenever wise plans are needed, his name suggesting the gathering and serving of many thoughts at once. 1 Origins
Origin of the NameOmoikane's name suggests the gathering and serving of many thoughts at once, matching his role as the kami the other gods turn to whenever a wise plan is needed. 3 Function
Domain / Function Attributions
Mythic AssociationCredited in the myth of Amaterasu's withdrawal into the heavenly cave with devising the plan, including Ame-no-Uzume's dance, that lured the sun goddess back out. 1 Belief
TheologyAnimist: persons and powers in land, water and living things 1 Learn More
The Kami Who Gathers the Thoughts of the Gods
Omoikane is the Japanese kami of wisdom, counsel and sound judgement, whose name is understood to mean something like he who combines and weighs the thoughts of many, the intelligence that gathers up the deliberations of all the gods. He plays his part at two pivotal moments of the Kojiki myth. When the sun-goddess Amaterasu hides herself in the rock-cave and the world falls into darkness, it is Omoikane whom the assembled kami charge with devising a plan to lure her out, and the stratagem he contrives, the crowing cocks, the mirror and the jewels, and the dance of Ame-no-Uzume, succeeds in drawing her forth and restoring light to the world. Later, when Heaven resolves to bring the earthly land under its rule, Omoikane is again the deity consulted on which messenger to send. He is thus the personification of wise counsel in the councils of the gods, and is enshrined and invoked accordingly, notably in connection with learning and good decision.
The Son of a Second Creator, Bridging Two Divine Lines
Omoikane's genealogy places him at a meeting point between two of the most important lineages in early Shinto mythology. He is named as the son of Takamimusubi, one of the small group of primordial creator deities who appear at the very opening of the Kojiki alongside Amenominakanushi, and who functions throughout the mythology as a kind of second center of divine authority in the High Plain of Heaven, distinct from and sometimes acting alongside the sun goddess Amaterasu's own line of descent. This parentage helps explain why Omoikane, rather than a deity drawn from Amaterasu's immediate circle, is repeatedly the one consulted at moments when the two great heavenly authorities need to act in concert, devising the scheme to lure Amaterasu from the cave, and later helping to determine which god should be sent to pacify and eventually rule the earthly land that Amaterasu's descendants would inherit.
Takamimusubi is often read by scholars as reflecting an older or rival strand of Yamato-period political theology, a heavenly authority tied to the ruling clans' own ancestral claims running alongside, and occasionally in tension with, the solar lineage that ultimately became dominant in the official mythology compiled in the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki. Omoikane, as the son who provides the crucial wisdom at the decisive moments of both texts, can be read as the point where these two currents of heavenly authority, the sun line and the Takamimusubi line, are made to cooperate rather than compete, his gift for counsel serving narratively to reconcile what may once have been separate traditions of divine sovereignty.
Correspondences & Relations
Archetypes
Pantheons
Planetary Faces
Omoikane is the kami of wisdom and deliberation who devises the plan to draw Amaterasu from the cave, a reasonable Mercury by function. Japanese calls Wednesday Suiyobi, water day, following the Chinese five phase naming.
Connections
Associated With
When Amaterasu hid in the heavenly cave and darkness covered the world, it was Omoikane whom the gods called on to devise the scheme that lured her out.
Source KojikiDonald L. Philippi (translator)
Interpretatio Of
Omoikane is the Japanese face of Mercury, set alongside the Roman Mercury in the shared astrological figure of the discerning, counseling intellect.
Source Encyclopedia of Shinto (Shinto Jiten)Kokugakuin University
Same Figure, Narrative Entry
Worshipped In
Omoikane is honored across Shinto shrines in Japan as the god of wisdom and good counsel.
Source Shinto: A HistoryHelen Hardacre
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
Sources
1. Shinto: A History
2. Omoikane, Earliest Attestation in the Kojiki (Wikipedia)
3. Encyclopedia of Shinto (Shinto Jiten)
Kokugakuin University, Kokugakuin University, 2006s.v. OmoikaneView the Source Wikidata: Omoikane
Wikidata Q586088, class allow-list match (w-wdresolver-0926)View the Source Kojiki
Donald L. Philippi (translator), University of Tokyo Press, 1968Kojiki, Bk 1View the Source Encyclopedia of Religion
Mircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.), Macmillan Reference, 2005View the Source Reader Challenges (0)
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