Home›Dietary Restrictions›TraditionBrowse ByTraditionThis page groups beliefs by the school of thought that holds them. Wikipedia notes that "eliminativists about belief ... argue that there is no phenomenon in the natural world which corresponds to our folk psychological concept of belief," one named position among several. Browsing by tradition lets a visitor read every belief from one named school together.FactsLearn MoreTraditionSourcesComments (0)Reader Challenges (0)FactsOverviewWhat Defines This GroupingWell-attestedRules a tradition states about what may be eaten and how it must be prepared. They rest on unrelated logics and are not one rule: kashrut and halal are laws of permitted species and slaughter; Jain and much Hindu abstention follows from ahimsa, non-injury, and reaches foods those laws never touch; the Latter-day Saint Word of Wisdom rests on a nineteenth-century revelation. 2StatusStanding as a Comparative CategoryWell-attestedA standard analytic category in the study of religion 3DirectoryCategoryWell-attestedBeliefs & Restrictions 1Learn MoreThe dietary restrictions This group holds dietary restrictions, the beliefs that govern permitted and forbidden food and drink, from the kosher and halal laws of Judaism and Islam to the vegetarianism of several Indian traditions. Food rules are a visible and daily marker of religious identity and obedience. The browser will find the dietary restrictions the atlas gathers. The entries describe each rule and its rationale, noting the tradition that observes it.TraditionFilter Results15 entriesAdherents Today MaximumAll2,250,000 (1)1,750,000,000 (1)Adherents Today MinimumAll1,760,000 (1)1,600,000,000 (1)Basis of the Humanitarian Aid FigureAllThe Body's Own Published Statistics (1)Basis of the Membership FigureAllChurch-Reported Rolls (1)Independent Survey (1)National Census (2)Scholarly or Demographic Estimate (7)Date of Separation End YearAll200 (2)680 (2)740 (1)750 (1)765 (1)1600 (1)1930 (1)1974 (1)Date of Separation Start YearAll100 (2)632 (2)657 (1)740 (1)765 (1)1500 (1)1880 (1)1889 (1)Defining Doctrinal PositionAllA living, present imam (1)An inner (batin) meaning of scripture and law alongside the outward (2)An interior path (tasawwuf) pursued within the schools of law (1)Belief may be concealed where disclosure would bring harm (taqiyya) (4)Full mendicancy requires the abandonment of clothing (1)In the Imam's absence a qualified jurist holds his political authority (1)In the Imam's absence the jurist guides and judges but does not rule (1)Leadership by the community's election of the most qualified, without descent (1)Leadership by the community's election of the most qualified, without descent (1)Liberation is attained only from a man's birth (1)Mendicants wear white cloth (1)Recognises a post-prophetic messianic figure (1)Succession by divine designation in the Prophet's family (3)Succession to the Prophet settled by the community (1)Text and the reports of the earliest community above juristic reasoning (1)The Agama canon accepted as authentically preserved (1)The imamate open to any qualified descendant of Ali who rises and claims it (1)The Imams are protected from sin and from error (ismah) (3)The original canon held to have been lost (1)The practice of the first generations as the sole binding precedent (1)The Qur'an alone as the source of law; hadith not binding (1)The Qur'an is God's created speech (2)The Qur'an is God's uncreated speech (2)Women may attain liberation from a woman's birth (1)GovernanceAllA federation of autonomous member organisations (1)A living imam whose office passes by descent (1)An imam or caliph elected by the community or its electors (3)Authority in living jurists whom the laity choose to emulate (1)Authority in trained scholars, with no central office (4)Authority through a shaykh and an initiatic chain (2)Authority through monastic ordination lineage and its seats (2)Lay boards or trusts govern, alongside the priesthood (2)No central authority (4)Priestly office passing by descent (1)How the Expectation Is EnforcedAllCodified Obligation With Consequences (4)Liturgical LanguageAllArdhamagadhi Prakrit (1)Classical Arabic (12)Jain Shauraseni Prakrit (1)Sanskrit (2)The vernacular (4)Membership Figure As OfAll1922-01-01 (1)1923-01-01 (1)1998-01-01 (1)2008-01-01 (1)2009-01-01 (2)2011-01-01 (1)2012-01-01 (1)2012-01-02 (1)2012-01-03 (1)2020-01-01 (1)2023-01-01 (1)2025-01-01 (1)2026-08-14 (1)OrdinationAllAuthority conferred by initiation rather than by ordination (2)Conferred by a teacher's certification of learning (1)Conferred by appointment from a higher authority (1)No ordination; authority rests on learning or on the whole body (9)Office passes by descent (2)Open to women and men (1)Ordination is into a monastic order, not to a congregation (2)Restricted to men (4)The full female ordination lineage is held lapsed; revival contested (1)Varies between provinces or member bodies (1)Origin Period End YearAll200 (1)454 (1)657 (1)750 (1)897 (1)900 (1)909 (1)941 (1)1200 (1)1600 (1)1744 (1)1889 (1)1930 (1)1970 (1)Origin Period Start YearAll100 (2)632 (2)657 (1)680 (1)740 (1)750 (1)765 (1)800 (1)1200 (1)1744 (1)1880 (2)1889 (1)Position on MarriageAllMarriage may licitly be polygynous (3)Position on SexualityAllSame-sex orientation or practice is held to bar full membership or participation (3)Same-sex sexual relationships are held contrary to teaching; LGBT individuals are welcomed as members but not ordained, and same-sex unions are not blessed (1)Relation to the StateAllDisestablished (1)Established (3)No Establishment (2)Status TodayAllAccess restricted by its custodians or by law (1)Living tradition, practised today (15)Show ResultsBrowseCompareAhmadiyyaTradition2 entriesAlawitesTradition2 entriesAlevismTradition2 entriesDigambaraTradition1 entryIbadismTradition2 entriesIsmailismTradition2 entriesKharijitesTradition2 entriesQuranismTradition2 entriesSalafismTradition2 entriesShia (Twelver)Tradition2 entriesSufismTradition2 entriesSunniTradition2 entriesSvetambaraTradition1 entryWahhabismTradition2 entriesZaidiyyahTradition2 entriesSources1. Divinity Atlas Directory Taxonomy, First Edition Category Treetier 12. The Oxford Dictionary of World Religionstier 1John Bowker (ed.), Oxford University Press, 1997View the Source3. Encyclopedia of Religiontier 1Mircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.), Macmillan Reference, 2005View the SourceDivinity Atlas Directory Prose, First Edition Category Descriptionstier 1Comments (0)No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.Sign in to join the discussion.Reader Challenges (0)No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.Sign in to dispute this or suggest a correction.