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Enochian Call

The First Call

Also Known As First Call Short form. The atlas files this entry under a longer name and readers reach for the shorter one.
Origin 1584

The First Call is one of the two general or opening keys of John Dee's Claves Angelicae, the forty eight Enochian Calls received through Edward Kelley in 1584 and published in Meric Casaubon's 1659 edition of Dee's spiritual diaries. Dee's own angelic informant, Illemese, describes the nineteen calls together as entrances into the knowledge of the mystical tables, the four Elemental Watchtowers that the later, longer calls are used to work. The First Call precedes that elemental work rather than addressing any single element.

Facts
Origins
Origin Period
1584 1Tradition: John Dee and Edward Kelley's angelic sessions
Origin Period
1888 to 1900 2Tradition: Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn
Origin Period
Received at Krakow between 13 April and 13 July 1584 1
Origin Period
Taken into the Second Order material of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn from 1888, three centuries after Dee 2
Place of Origin
Krakow, where Dee and Kelley were resident under Albert Laski's patronage in 1584 1
Attributed Author / Compiler
Edward Kelley scried and spoke the text; John Dee wrote it down as it came 1
Attributed Author / Compiler
John Dee made the fair copy and gave the calls their numbering 3
Attributed Author / Compiler
No independent witness to the sessions exists 4
Origin of the Name
An English descriptive title rather than a received name. Dee numbered the keys as they came and the atlas names each by its number; the Enochian text itself carries no title of its own. 3
Language
Enochian (Angelical) 1
Status
Standing as a Comparative Category
A modern system making claims scholarship never entertained; it never held scholarly standing 4
Transmission
Manuscript Tradition
It is not in Sloane MS 3188 or Sloane MS 3189. Those two hold the earlier sessions, from 22 December 1581 to 30 May 1583, and the clean copy of the Liber Loagaeth, and they close a full year before the Calls were received. A reader told that the Dee material is in 3188 and 3189 has been given the wrong shelfmark for this text. 3
Manuscript Tradition
The record of the sessions in which it was received was printed by Meric Casaubon in 1659, seventy-five years after the event, which is how the Calls reached a public readership at all. 1
Manuscript Tradition
The text stands in British Library Sloane MS 3191, in John Dee's own hand, in the fair copy headed 48 Claves Angelicae and dated at Krakow between 13 April and 13 July 1584. The same manuscript volume carries De Heptarchia Mystica and Liber Scientiae. 3
Attestation
Meaning in the Attesting Source
Dee's angelic informant Illemese describes the nineteen calls together as entrances into the knowledge of the mystical tables. 1
Meaning in the Attesting Source
Dee's record sets this apart from the sixteen that follow, as a general or opening key rather than one addressed to a single table. 1
Contested Use
Contested or Appropriated Modern Use
The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn took the Calls into its Second Order material from 1888, and Aleister Crowley worked them from 1900, three centuries after Dee. Most of what is asserted about the Calls today, including their elemental attributions and their correspondences on the Tree of Life, belongs to those two bodies of work and is not in the Dee manuscripts. 5
Sources
Primary Source
Claves Angelicae, received through Edward Kelley in 1584, printed in Meric Casaubon's edition of 1659. 1
Learn More
The First Call: Opening The Claves Angelicae

The First Call is one of the two general or opening keys of John Dee's Claves Angelicae, the forty eight Enochian Calls received through the scryer Edward Kelley in 1584 and published in Meric Casaubon's 1659 edition of Dee's spiritual diaries, A True and Faithful Relation. Dee's own angelic informant, named Illemese in the sessions, describes the nineteen calls together as entrances into the knowledge of the mystical tables, the four Elemental Watchtowers that the sixteen calls following the two openers are used to work.

The First Call precedes that elemental work rather than addressing any single element or tablet, standing alongside the Second Call as one of a pair that opens the whole sequence before the sixteen calls of the Watchtowers and the nineteenth call, which is recited with the name of whichever of the thirty Aethyrs is being worked. Because the two opening calls address the system as a whole rather than any one part of it, they carry a different structural role from every call that follows: general rather than elemental, and spoken first regardless of which Watchtower or Aethyr the working turns to afterward.

The manuscript record for The First Call, like the rest of the Claves Angelicae, survives through Casaubon's seventeenth century printing rather than only in Dee's own hand, which is part of why the Calls circulated far more widely among later ceremonial magicians than the unpublished De Heptarchia Mystica, Dee's earlier and separate treatise on the day ruling Kings and Princes of Sloane MS 3191.

The First Call In The Angelic Language

Casaubon's 1659 printing preserves The First Call in the angelic language Dee and Kelley called the language of Enoch, set beside Dee's own English gloss line by line, the same format Casaubon used for the whole corpus of forty eight keys. That parallel text is the entire textual basis for everything known about the call: no independent manuscript tradition confirms or corrects it beyond Dee's own diary pages.

The language itself has drawn sustained argument since Casaubon's day over whether it is a wholly invented tongue, an elaborated cipher built on English and Latin grammar, or something closer to a constructed language with its own internal consistency. That argument belongs to the corpus as a whole rather than to The First Call specifically, and it is why modern editions still print the angelic text and Dee's gloss side by side rather than treating either as sufficient on its own.

Twentieth century ceremonial orders revived the Calls for practical use largely through the Golden Dawn's Enochian curriculum and, later, through Aleister Crowley's own scrying of the thirty Aethyrs using the nineteenth call, recorded in his 1911 Vision and the Voice. The First Call, as one of the two general keys, has a smaller footprint in that later literature than the nineteenth call itself, since it opens a working rather than addressing any one of the thirty Aethyrs those later magicians focused on.

Connections

Attributed To

Source A True and Faithful Relation of What Passed for Many Years Between Dr. John Dee and Some SpiritsJohn Dee, edited by Meric Casaubon
Source A True and Faithful Relation of What Passed for Many Years Between Dr. John Dee and Some SpiritsJohn Dee, edited by Meric Casaubon
Sources
1. A True and Faithful Relation of What Passed for Many Years Between Dr. John Dee and Some Spirits
John Dee, edited by Meric Casaubon, T. Garthwait, 1659the 1659 edition's title page and imprint, as digitized at archive.org (record truefaithfulrela00deej)
Quote, the 1659 edition's title page and imprint, as digitized at archive.org (record truefaithfulrela00deej)
A true & faithful relation of what passed for many yeers between Dr. John Dee ... and some spirits : tending (had it succeeded) to a general alteration of most states and kingdomes in the world
View the Source
2. The Magicians of the Golden Dawn: A Documentary History of a Magical Order 1887-1923
Ellic Howe, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1972on the order's foundation in 1888 and the composition of its knowledge lectures
Quote, on the order's foundation in 1888 and the composition of its knowledge lectures
An unsentimental yet fascinating history of the Golden Dawn, a magical order of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, from its early beginnings, through the height of its influence and then eventual decline and dissolution.
View the Source
3. John Dee's Five Books of Mystery: Original Sourcebook of Enochian Magic
John Dee; Joseph H. Peterson (ed.), Weiser Books, 2003View the Source
4. John Dee's Conversations with Angels: Cabala, Alchemy, and the End of Nature
Deborah E. Harkness, Cambridge University Press, 1999View the Source
5. The Western Esoteric Traditions: A Historical Introduction
Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke, Oxford University Press, 2008View the Source

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