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All Mythical Creatures

Creatures from myth, folklore and the bestiaries: dragons, phoenixes, griffins, kitsune, thunderbirds and the rest. Each entry records the culture it belongs to, the kind of being it is, and what the sources actually say about it. Many creatures appear in several traditions in different forms, and a shared name or shape does not always mean a shared origin.

Facts
Status
Standing as a Comparative Category
A collectors' category rather than a comparative one. Michael Dylan Foster shows that Japanese yokai will not sit inside the English "monster" or "mythical creature", and the same holds for most of the traditions gathered here. 2
Origins
Whose Classification This Is
The form-based classes are a comparative folklorist's device. Stith Thompson's Motif-Index (revised edition, 1955-58) sorts fabulous beings under B0-B99 by body-plan, as a finding aid for narrative motifs rather than a claim that the creatures belong together. 1
Structure
Structure
Grouped by creature form - dragons, serpents, birds, hybrids, spirits, water-spirits and the rest - which is how comparative folklore indexes arrange fabulous beings, and not how any tradition arranged its own. 1
Learn More
Beings of Myth and the Bestiary

This category gathers the creatures of myth, folklore and the bestiaries who are not gods: dragons, phoenixes, griffins, kitsune, thunderbirds, sea-serpents and the rest. Each entry records the culture the creature belongs to, the kind of being it is, and what the myths and older sources actually say about it.

These are the fabulous inhabitants of the mythic world (guardians and monsters, messengers and shape-shifters, hybrids of human and beast), known from epic, folktale, heraldry and the medieval bestiaries, and from the parallel traditions of many other cultures.

Parallels Without Merger

Similar creatures appear across cultures in related but distinct forms (the winged serpent, the fire-bird, the human-headed lion), and the temptation is to merge them into a single archetype. The atlas resists that: it notes the parallels while keeping each tradition's creature its own, since a Chinese dragon and a European dragon, or a phoenix and a Chinese fenghuang, differ as much as they resemble.

The entries stay with what the sources report rather than with later popular embellishment. The creatures group by kind (dragons, serpents, birds, hybrids, water-spirits and the rest), so a browser can move through the bestiary by type.

All Mythical Creatures
Filter Results180 entries

Adze

Flesh Eating Spirits

Ahuizotl

Water Spirits

Ammit

Hybrids

Amphisbaena

Hybrid Serpents

Ankou

Servants of Death

Anunnaki

Spirits

Apep

Serpents

Asmodeus

Spirits

Asura

Spirits

Aswang

Shapeshifters

Aži Dahāka

Dragons and Serpents

Azure Dragon

Dragons and Serpents

Bakeneko

Cat Spirits

Banshee

Spirits

Baphomet

Emblematic Figures

Barong

Protective Spirits

Basilisk

Serpents

Behemoth

Beasts

Belsnickel

Companions of Saint Nicholas

Bennu

Birds

Bhoot

Ghosts

Black Shuck

Hounds

Black Tortoise

Hybrids

Bunyip

Water Spirits

Centaur

Hybrids

Cerberus

Hounds

Ceryneian Hind

Sacred Deer

Charun

Servants of Death

Chimaera

Hybrids

Chupacabra

Flesh Eating Spirits

Churel

Vengeful Ghosts

Cipactli

Primordial Earth Monsters

Cockatrice

Hybrid Serpents

Cu Sith

Hounds

Cyclops

Giants

Daeva

Spirits

Deva

Spirits

Di Manes

Ancestral Dead

Djinn

Spirits

Domovoi

Protective Spirits

Donne di Fuori

Spirits

Dragon

Dragons

Dragon (Western)

Dragons

Draugr

Reanimated Dead

Dullahan

Servants of Death

Duppy

Ghosts

Dybbuk

Possessing Spirits

Echidna

Hybrids

Fenghuang

Birds

Fenrir

Wolves

Firebird (Slavic Folklore)

Birds

Gandharva

Spirits

Garuda

Birds

Ghost

Ghosts

Ghoul

Desert Spirits

Golem

Constructs

Grendel

Giants

Griffin

Hybrids

Gui

Ghosts

Gullinbursti

Constructs

Harpy

Hybrids

Homunculus

Constructs

Huginn and Muninn

Ravens

Huldra

Spirits

Huli Jing

Fox Spirits

Hydra

Serpents

Ibbur

Possessing Spirits

Ifrit

Spirits

Igigi

Spirits

Impundulu

Birds

Janas

Spirits

Jiangshi

Reanimated Dead

Jikininki

Flesh Eating Spirits

Jormungandr

Serpents

Kappa

Hybrid Spirits

Karkadann

Horned Beasts

Kelpie

Water Spirits

Keres

Death Spirits

Kinnara

Hybrids

Kitsune

Fox Spirits

Knecht Ruprecht

Companions of Saint Nicholas

Kraken

Sea Monsters

Krampus

Companions of Saint Nicholas

La Llorona

Ghosts

Ladon

Serpent Dragons

Lamia

Hybrids

Lemures

Restless Dead

Leprechaun

Spirits

Leshy

Shapeshifters

Leviathan

Sea Serpents

Long (Chinese Dragon)

Dragons

Makara

Hybrids

Manananggal

Shapeshifters

Manticore

Hybrids

Marid

Spirits

Medusa (Gorgon)

Hybrids

Minotaur

Hybrids

Mothman

Hybrids

Naga

Serpents
Sources
1. Motif-Index of Folk-Literature: A Classification of Narrative Elements in Folktales, Ballads, Myths, Fables, Mediaeval Romances, Exempla, Fabliaux, Jest-Books and Local Legends
Stith Thompson, Indiana University Press, 1958B0-B99, Mythical Animals
2. The Book of Yokai: Mysterious Creatures of Japanese Folklore
Michael Dylan Foster, University of California Press, 2015the introduction, on the difficulty of the category
Divinity Atlas Directory Prose, First Edition Category Descriptions
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