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Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

This page groups mythical creatures by whether anyone has ever claimed they were real. Wikipedia defines a legendary creature as one that "may be featured in historical accounts before modernity, but has not been scientifically shown to exist." Browsing by historicity lets a visitor separate a creature once treated as a real animal from one always understood as symbolic.

Facts
Status
Standing as a Comparative Category
A collectors' category rather than a comparative one. Michael Dylan Foster shows that Japanese yokai will not sit inside the English "monster" or "mythical creature", and the same holds for most of the traditions gathered here. 2
Origins
Whose Classification This Is
The form-based classes are a comparative folklorist's device. Stith Thompson's Motif-Index (revised edition, 1955-58) sorts fabulous beings under B0-B99 by body-plan, as a finding aid for narrative motifs rather than a claim that the creatures belong together. 1
Structure
Structure
Grouped by creature form - dragons, serpents, birds, hybrids, spirits, water-spirits and the rest - which is how comparative folklore indexes arrange fabulous beings, and not how any tradition arranged its own. 1
Learn More
Beings of Myth and the Bestiary

This category gathers the creatures of myth, folklore and the bestiaries who are not gods: dragons, phoenixes, griffins, kitsune, thunderbirds, sea-serpents and the rest. Each entry records the culture the creature belongs to, the kind of being it is, and what the myths and older sources actually say about it.

These are the fabulous inhabitants of the mythic world (guardians and monsters, messengers and shape-shifters, hybrids of human and beast), known from epic, folktale, heraldry and the medieval bestiaries, and from the parallel traditions of many other cultures.

Parallels Without Merger

Similar creatures appear across cultures in related but distinct forms (the winged serpent, the fire-bird, the human-headed lion), and the temptation is to merge them into a single archetype. The atlas resists that: it notes the parallels while keeping each tradition's creature its own, since a Chinese dragon and a European dragon, or a phoenix and a Chinese fenghuang, differ as much as they resemble.

The entries stay with what the sources report rather than with later popular embellishment. The creatures group by kind (dragons, serpents, birds, hybrids, water-spirits and the rest), so a browser can move through the bestiary by type.

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being
Filter Results51 entries

Adze

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Ahuizotl

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Ankou

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Barong

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Bhoot

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Bunyip

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Churel

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Daeva

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Di Manes

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Djinn

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Draugr

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Duppy

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Dybbuk

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Garuda

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Ghost

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Ghoul

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Gui

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Huldra

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Ibbur

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Ifrit

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Impundulu

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Jiangshi

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

La Llorona

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Lemures

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Leshy

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Marid

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Naga

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Nahual

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Nisse

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Phi Krasue

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Phi Pop

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Phi Tai Hong

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Pishacha

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Pishtaco

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Pontianak

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Popobawa

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Preta

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Qareen

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Qarin

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Rangda

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Salamander

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Shaitan

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Shedim

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Sidhe

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Taniwha

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Thunderbird

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Vetala

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Wendigo

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Yazata

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Yurei

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being

Zombi

Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being
Sources
1. Motif-Index of Folk-Literature: A Classification of Narrative Elements in Folktales, Ballads, Myths, Fables, Mediaeval Romances, Exempla, Fabliaux, Jest-Books and Local Legends
Stith Thompson, Indiana University Press, 1958B0-B99, Mythical Animals
2. The Book of Yokai: Mysterious Creatures of Japanese Folklore
Michael Dylan Foster, University of California Press, 2015the introduction, on the difficulty of the category
Divinity Atlas Directory Prose, First Edition Category Descriptions
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