Malka, the Holy Leaven, is a portion of dough that the East Syriac tradition of the Church of the East holds to have descended in unbroken succession from the bread of the Last Supper itself. The Church of the East: An Illustrated History of Assyrian Christianity describes the leaven as renewed in its own annual rite, distinct from the ordinary Eucharistic liturgy, in which the old leaven is combined with fresh ingredients so that a portion of the original always survives into the new. A fragment of malka is worked into the dough baked for the bread of every Eucharist celebrated in the church, which means the claim is not confined to one rite performed once a year but is built into the ordinary sacramental life of every altar, every celebration understood to stand in unbroken material continuity with the first. The Nestorians and Their Rituals situates the practice among the distinctive features that set East Syriac sacramental life apart from every other Christian tradition, none of which maintains an equivalent claim about its own Eucharistic bread. The rite is counted among the sacraments in the East Syriac reckoning, which does not number seven sacraments the way the Latin church does, so malka sits inside a sacramental system organised on its own terms rather than as an addition to a shared universal list.