Christian Zionism is far from a consensus Christian position, and this atlas records the documented range of Christian theological responses as separate camps rather than a single Christian view. Dispensationalist premillennialism, prominent across much of English-speaking evangelicalism, holds Jewish national return as prophetically significant and, for many within this current, a positive religious good to be actively supported.
Pre-dispensational restorationism, the older English and American Protestant strand tracing to the seventeenth century, held a related but theologically distinct expectation of Jewish return without the specific dispensationalist framework Darby and Scofield later developed. Against these currents, a covenantal theological objection, held across much of Catholic, Orthodox, mainline Protestant and Reformed Christianity, argues from a different reading of covenant and prophecy that does not attach the same specific theological significance to a modern political return, without this objection constituting a denial of Jewish peoplehood or right to self-determination as a political matter distinct from the theological question. A further documented position comes from churches situated in Israel, the Palestinian territories and the wider Middle East, whose theological and pastoral concerns this atlas records as their own distinct camp rather than folding into either of the other positions.