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Daughters Disliked, and an Invitation Made With Wisdom

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Daughters Disliked, and an Invitation Made With Wisdom

Hizb 28 closes An-Nahl by pressing its argument against attributing partners to God further: those who acknowledge God alone as the source of provision are rebuked for still worshipping other things beside Him, and the sura raises a sharp social criticism, that some among the pre-Islamic Arabs reacted with shame or grief on hearing of a daughter's birth, sometimes burying infant girls out of that shame, while simultaneously ascribing daughters to God himself, a contradiction the text treats as self-evidently absurd.

The sura returns once more to the bee and to honey emerging from it as a substance carrying healing for people, before closing with a dense run of ethical instruction: a command to justice, excellence in conduct and generosity to relatives, prohibition of indecency, wrongdoing and transgression, and one of the Quran's most frequently quoted single verses urging that these things be remembered.

The hizb's final material instructs the Prophet to invite others to God's way with wisdom and good instruction, arguing in the best manner, and permits proportionate retaliation for a wrong suffered while stating plainly that patience remains the better choice.

The infanticide passage in particular is frequently cited outside purely liturgical settings, in discussions of the sura's social context, which gives this hizb a significance in modern teaching somewhat separate from its place in the recitation cycle itself.

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