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Sacred Correspondences
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The Thirty-First Rag

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The Thirty-First Rag

Jaijawanti is the last of the rag sections and the only one added after Guru Arjan's compilation of 1604. It contains the work of a single hand: Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru, executed at Delhi in 1675.

His compositions were incorporated into the volume at the final recension, and they went in the way the scheme required, inserted at their place in the order of the succession within each rag section where a section already existed. Where they were set in a measure the volume had no section for, a new heading was created, and it stands here at the end of the rag sequence.

That is the whole visible trace of the second stage of the canon: a thirty-first heading, at the end, in one voice. The rest of the ninth Guru's work is distributed invisibly through the volume, indistinguishable in arrangement from what was there before, marked only by the number in its headings.

The character of the compositions is consistent and distinct. They are compressed, unillusioned, and preoccupied with the shortness of a life and the emptiness of what people spend it on, written by a man who had reason to think about both. His couplets, gathered elsewhere in the volume, are among the most widely quoted lines in the tradition.

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