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A Gate That Opens Once a Year

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A Gate That Opens Once a Year

Vaishnava practice does not leave Vaikuntha entirely elsewhere. Great temples are spoken of as the abode present on earth, and the Srirangam temple in Tamil Nadu is described in its own tradition as Vaikuntha in this world, with Tirupati and other major shrines carrying comparable claims.

The clearest expression of this is a door. On Vaikuntha Ekadashi, the eleventh day of the bright fortnight in the month corresponding to December and January, a northern gateway that stays shut for the rest of the year is opened at Srirangam and at many other Vishnu temples, and the deity is brought through it while the assembled devotees follow. The gate is called the door of the supreme abode, and the tradition holds that passing through it on that day carries the passage it represents. At Srirangam the day falls within a twenty one day festival and the crowds are among the largest the temple sees.

The Gaudiya tradition adds a level above. It distinguishes Goloka Vrindavana from Vaikuntha proper and places it higher, on the ground that Vaikuntha is a realm of majesty in which the Lord is approached as sovereign, while Goloka is a realm of intimacy in which he is approached as a child, a friend or a beloved, and that the second relation is the sweeter and therefore the higher.

Iconography follows the theology. The four faced Vaikuntha form, with the human face flanked by lion and boar and a fierce face behind, was carved in Kashmir and elsewhere to show the whole of what is present in the abode at once.

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