Open Question
The line brings him back for birth and for death, and both readings fit. The solar reading is supported by later usage, where Martanda is an epithet of the sun. The mortal reading stays closer to what the hymn says. Neither has displaced the other and the hymn offers no gloss.
What would resolve this A close comparison of how the commentarial traditions read the passage, set side by side rather than cited singly. No new evidence is expected; what is missing is the comparison itself.
OpenVedic philology and the history of Sanskrit commentaryArthur Anthony Macdonell, Vedic Mythology
Cross-Tradition Connections
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