Divinity Atlas

Sacred Correspondences
Sources

The Five Schools of Islamic Law: Zakat

Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya, al-islam.org

Citation Formats

General Reference

APA Style

BibTeX

The Zakat chapter of Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya's comparative fiqh reference, laying the Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali and Imami (Ja'fari) legal positions side by side on nisab, minerals, merchandise, livestock, jointly-owned wealth and the effect of debt on zakat liability.

Facts
Assessment
Reliability Tier
1
Tier 1: a recognised, widely used comparative fiqh reference (al-Fiqh 'ala al-Madhahib al-Khamsa, "Jurisprudence According to the Five Schools"), by the 20th-century Lebanese Shia jurist Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya, hosted in full English translation on al-islam.org (curl with a standard browser user agent, HTTP 200; al-islam.org 403s a plain automated request but serves the full page to a browser-identified one). The author's own foreword states his method: laying the five schools' rulings side by side for every question, partly drawing on the 1922 Al-Azhar comparative committee's own "al-Fiqh 'ala al-madhahib al-'arba'ah" for the four Sunni schools and adding the Imami position throughout. The Zakat chapter states directly, quoted verbatim: "the Imamis consider it wajib to pay one-fifth (khums) from the profits of trade, while the four schools prescribe one-fortieth (2 1/2%) on merchandise. The same applies to minerals, from which the Hanafis, Imamis and Hanbalis prescribe payment of khums while the remaining two schools that of 2 1/2%"; that Malikis alone "levy zakat on both grazing and non-grazing livestock" and on "both working as well as other animals without any difference"; that the Shafi'is and Hanbalis alone hold jointly-owned wealth zakat-liable once the JOINT total reaches nisab, against the Imamis, Hanafis and Malikis who require each individual share to reach it; that Hanbalis alone hold debt as fully preventing zakat liability, while Imamis and Shafi'is alone hold debt as no bar to it at all; and that Hanafis alone levy zakat on agricultural produce "irrespective of the quantity," where the other four schools require a nisab of roughly 910 kg. Every quotation used in these facts is drawn directly from this reading, not paraphrased from a secondary summary.
Citation
Author
Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya
Publisher
Al-Islam.org, hosting Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya's own comparative fiqh work
URL
https://al-islam.org/five-schools-islamic-law-muhammad-jawad-mughniyya/zakat
Source Type
Book (primary)
Claims Backed By This Source (30 claims)

This source backs 30 claims across the atlas. As facts: 24 well-attested. Plus 6 entities citing it as a general reference with no single fact or relationship attached.

Disposition By Topic

  • Schools of Religious Law, 20 claims: 15 well-attested, 5 general references.
  • Sources, 6 claims: 6 well-attested.
  • Denominations, 4 claims: 3 well-attested, 1 general references.
Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.
Reader Challenges (0 open reader challenges)
No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.

View At A Past Year

The atlas records no dated fact of its own for this entry, so there is no other year to choose.