Revista Pesquisa, the science-journalism magazine of FAPESP (the Sao Paulo State Research Foundation), reporting Umbanda had an estimated 20 million faithful at its 1970s peak, declining to fewer than 100,000 formally self-identified adherents (66,398 in Umbanda specifically) by the 2000 Brazilian census, with millions more attending occasionally without formal affiliation.
Facts
Citation
PublisherRevista Pesquisa FAPESP (Sao Paulo Research Foundation)
URLhttps://revistapesquisa.fapesp.br/en/the-social-strength-of-umbanda/
Source Typejournalism
Assessment
Reliability Tier1
Tier 1: science journalism published by a Brazilian state research funding foundation, citing IBGE (Brazilian census bureau) figures directly for the membership decline. Sources
Claims Backed By This Source (11 claims)
This source backs 11 claims across the atlas. As facts: 8 well-attested, 2 scholarly debate. Plus 1 entities citing it as a general reference with no single fact or relationship attached.
Disposition By Topic
- Religions, 6 claims: 3 well-attested, 2 scholarly debate, 1 general references.
- Sources, 5 claims: 5 well-attested.
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