Home›Sources›Donald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations (1999)SourcesDonald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations (1999)Cambridge University PressCitation FormatsGeneral ReferenceGeneral Reference Citation TextDivinity Atlas. "Donald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations (1999)." Accessed August 30, 2026. https://www.divinityatlas.com/sources/nicol-byzantium-and-venice-a-study-in-diplomatic-and-cultural-relations.Copy General ReferenceAPA StyleAPA Style Citation TextDivinity Atlas. (n.d.). Donald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations (1999). Retrieved August 30, 2026, from https://www.divinityatlas.com/sources/nicol-byzantium-and-venice-a-study-in-diplomatic-and-cultural-relationsCopy APA StyleBibTeXBibTeX Citation Text@misc{divinityatlas-donald-m-nicol-byzantium-and-venice-a-st, author = {Divinity Atlas}, title = {Donald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations (1999)}, year = {2026}, url = {https://www.divinityatlas.com/sources/nicol-byzantium-and-venice-a-study-in-diplomatic-and-cultural-relations}, note = {Accessed August 30, 2026} }Copy BibTeXA standard scholarly history of Byzantine-Venetian relations across seven centuries by a leading British Byzantinist, including a documented estimate of the civilian dead in the 1204 sack of Constantinople.FactsSourcesClaims Backed By This Source (9 claims)Comments (0)Reader Challenges (0 open reader challenges)FactsAssessmentReliability TierWell-attested1Nicol was a leading British Byzantinist and past president of the Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies; this is the standard modern academic account of Venetian-Byzantine relations and the source generally cited for a documented, rather than chronicle-inflated, estimate of the 1204 sack's civilian death toll.NotesWell-attestedNicol was a leading British Byzantinist and past president of the Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies; this is the standard modern academic account of Venetian-Byzantine relations and the source generally cited for a documented, rather than chronicle-inflated, estimate of the 1204 sack's civilian death toll.CitationAuthorWell-attestedDonald M. NicolPublisherWell-attestedCambridge University PressPublication YearWell-attested1999Source TypeWell-attestedacademic monographSourcesDonald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations (1999)tier 1Donald M. Nicol, Cambridge University Press, 1999Claims Backed By This Source (9 claims)This source backs 9 claims across the atlas. As facts: 6 well-attested, 2 scholarly debate. Plus 1 entities citing it as a general reference with no single fact or relationship attached.Disposition By TopicSources, 6 claims: 6 well-attested.Religious Events, 3 claims: 2 scholarly debate, 1 general references.Well-attested6SourcesDonald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations (1999)Scholarly debate2Religious EventsThe Fourth CrusadeGeneral References1Religious EventsThe Fourth CrusadeComments (0)No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.Sign in to join the discussion.Reader Challenges (0 open reader challenges)No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.Sign in to dispute this or suggest a correction.View At A Past YearThe atlas records no dated fact of its own for this entry, so there is no other year to choose.Show This Year