Signed Confession of Margaret Fox Kane

Margaret Fox's own signed confession, published in the New York World on 21 October 1888, is a primary document: her own public statement, delivered on stage, that the Fox sisters' rappings had been produced by cracking joints. Its strength is that it is the principal's own first person account, not a secondary report of what she supposedly said. Its limit is that Fox partially retracted the confession the following year, so it should be read as one contested statement in a longer and unresolved personal history rather than as the final word on the Fox sisters' phenomena.