Divinity Atlas

Sacred Correspondences
Meridians

Liver

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Origin 1945 to 1963

The Liver meridian (Foot Terminal Yin) rises from the big toe up the inner leg to the ribs. The Liver ensures the smooth flow of Qi and emotion, stores the Blood, governs the sinews and houses the Hun (ethereal soul). Its emotion is anger and its balance shows as ease and clear planning. Paired with the Gallbladder in the Wood phase. Peak activity 1am to 3am.

Facts
Origins
Origin Period
1945 to 1963 1Tradition: Traditional Chinese Medicine as standardised in the People's Republic
Origin Period
200 BCE to 168 BCE 2Tradition: Mawangdui medical manuscripts
Origin Period
c. 100 BCE - 100 CE 3Tradition: Huangdi neijing
Origin Period
The twelve-conduit system, paired yin and yang, circulating in a daily round and tied to the viscera, is set out in the Huangdi neijing corpus 3Tradition: Huangdi neijing
Origin Period
This is the layer the classical theory belongs to 3Tradition: Huangdi neijing
Origin of the Name
The English "meridian" is a translator's term, not a rendering of the Chinese. Jingmai and jingluo mean conduits, channels and the vessels branching from them; scholarly translation gives conduits or vessels, and "meridian" imports a cartographic image the Chinese does not carry. 2
Language
Classical Chinese 2
Attestation
Meaning in the Attesting Source
The Lingshu's pathway for the liver channel is the only one of the twelve described as circling the genitals before ascending to the vertex of the head, and it closes the qi cycle as the last of the twelve channels, handing qi back to the lung to begin the sequence again. 4Tradition: Huangdi neijing
Chinese Correspondences
Yin or Yang
Yin 3
Learn More
The Liver Meridian

The Liver meridian (Zu Jue Yin Gan Jing) is one of the twelve principal channels of Chinese medicine, the network along which qi is held to circulate through the body. It is a Yin channel, paired with the Liver, and belongs to the phase of Wood in the five-phase (wu xing) scheme.

Function in the tradition

In the theory of the channels this meridian is concerned with the smooth flow of qi and the storing of the blood; it is called the general of the body. The twelve principal channels are arranged in yin-yang pairs and in a daily cycle through which qi is said to pass from one to the next, and the points along them are those used in acupuncture and related therapies.

The meridian is described here as a concept of traditional Chinese medicine, a system of ideas and practice with a long documented history, rather than as an anatomical structure of Western physiology.

The End of the Circuit, and the General Who Plans

The Liver channel closes the loop. It rises from the big toe along the inner leg to the ribs, and from there an internal branch is described as carrying the circulation back to the Lung, where it began. Twelve channels, twenty four hours, and a return to the start: the system is a closed circuit by design, and the Liver is where the design becomes visible.

The organ's classical office is the general, the one who plans and makes strategy, and the tradition pairs that with the Gallbladder's office of decision. Planning and deciding are treated as two halves of one faculty, distributed across the yin and yang organs of the Wood phase. The Liver is further described as ensuring the smooth flow of qi throughout the body, so that constraint anywhere is referred back to it, and as being associated with anger among the emotions.

Its horary period is from one to three in the morning, the deepest part of the night, which the tradition links to the Liver's function of storing blood during rest.

Throughout these entries, the atlas is reporting what Chinese medicine holds. The Chinese Liver is not the anatomical liver, no physiological effect is asserted here, and nothing in this entry is guidance or a reason to postpone a medical question.

Cross-Tradition Connections

Associated With

Acupuncture points lie along the twelve primary meridians and two extraordinary vessels, including the Liver meridian; needling a point is meant to affect qi flow along its meridian.

Source Huangdi Neijing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic)Traditionally attributed to Huangdi; actual authorship unknown

TCM organizes diagnosis and treatment, including acupuncture point selection, around the twelve primary meridians and two extraordinary vessels along which qi is held to flow, including the Liver meridian.

Source Huangdi Neijing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic)Traditionally attributed to Huangdi; actual authorship unknown

Disciplines That Use This

Tai Chi, Disciplines

The meridians the practice claims to move qi along.

Originates in Language

Source Medicine in China: A History of IdeasPaul U. Unschuld

Related To

One of the twelve principal meridians (jingluo) through which qi is said to circulate.

Sources
1. Chinese Medicine in Early Communist China, 1945-1963: A Medicine of Revolution
Kim Taylor, RoutledgeCurzon, 2005On the standardisation of Chinese medicine as a national system
2. Medicine in China: A History of Ideas
Paul U. Unschuld, University of California Press, 1985On the doctrine of the conduits, the circulation of qi, and the system of the five phasesView the Source
3. Huang Di Nei Jing Su Wen: An Annotated Translation of Huang Di's Inner Classic - Basic Questions
Paul U. Unschuld and Hermann Tessenow, University of California Press, 2011The Su wen on the conduits and the organ functions assigned to them
4. Huangdi Neijing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic)
Traditionally attributed to Huangdi; actual authorship unknownon the liver channel's Lingshu pathway and its place closing the twelve-channel cycleView the Source
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