Fawaz's Mount Lebanon estimate and Rogan's Damascus estimate come from two separate archival reconstructions written thirty years apart, each focused on a different phase and place; no single study has combined them into one reconciled figure for the whole 1860 violence, and the much higher contemporary press and missionary claims that circulated at the time remain uncorrected in some popular accounts.
What would resolve this A study working from Ottoman provincial and central archives, European consular correspondence and the records of the 1860 international commission of inquiry, applying a consistent method across both Mount Lebanon and Damascus, to produce one combined, reconciled casualty estimate for the whole episode.
OpenOttoman and modern Middle Eastern historyLeila Tarazi Fawaz, An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860