D.A. Dunkley, a historian at the University of the West Indies, traces the colonial government's efforts to suppress Leonard Howell across more than two decades, from his 1932 return to Jamaica preaching Haile Selassie's divinity through his 1937 founding of the Ethiopian Salvation Society to his establishment of the first Rastafari community in the hills of St. Catherine Parish around 1940, and the raids that followed.
Facts
Citation
AuthorD.A. Dunkley
PublisherNew West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids
URLhttps://brill.com/view/journals/nwig/87/1-2/article-p62_4.xml
Source Typepeer-reviewed article
Assessment
Reliability Tier1
A peer reviewed academic journal article in New West Indian Guide, tier 1, matching the tier the map gives comparable peer reviewed scholarship, used here for the 1940 founding of Pinnacle within the wider campaign against Howell, corroborated by the Jamaica National Heritage Trust's own record of the site. Connections
Associated With
This source names Jamaica directly: "two decades, from his 1932 return to Jamaica preaching Haile Selassie's divinity through his 1937 founding of the Ethiopian Salvation Society to his establishment of the first Rastafari community in..."
Source Dunkley, The Suppression of Leonard Howell in Late Colonial Jamaica, 1932-1954 (New West Indian Guide, 2013)D.A. Dunkley
This source names Rastafari directly: "to his establishment of the first Rastafari community in the hills of St."
Source Dunkley, The Suppression of Leonard Howell in Late Colonial Jamaica, 1932-1954 (New West Indian Guide, 2013)D.A. Dunkley
Claims Backed By This Source (9 claims)
This source backs 9 claims across the atlas. As facts: 6 well-attested. As cited relationships: 2 holds. Plus 1 entities citing it as a general reference with no single fact or relationship attached.
Disposition By Topic
- Sources, 8 claims: 6 well-attested, 2 holds.
- Spread Events, 1 claims: 1 general references.
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