Home›Orders, Societies & Movements›All Orders, Societies & MovementsBrowse ByAll Orders, Societies & MovementsInitiatory orders, closed societies and the groups that formed around a particular figure or revelation: Freemasonry, the Rosicrucians, the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, the ancient mystery cults and modern new religious movements. This material carries more mythology about itself than most, so the entries separate documented history from claimed lineage. Both categories here describe groups rather than doctrines.FactsLearn MoreAll Orders, Societies & MovementsSourcesComments (0)Reader Challenges (0)FactsOverviewScope of This SectionWell-attestedReligious and esoteric bodies defined by admission rather than by birth or confession: initiatory orders and closed societies, and the movements formed in the modern era around a founder or a new revelation. 1Learn MoreInitiatory Orders and Closed Societies This section gathers the organised bodies of the esoteric and religious world: initiatory orders, closed societies, the mystery cults of antiquity, and the modern movements that formed around a founder or a new revelation: Freemasonry, the Rosicrucians, the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, the ancient mysteries, and the new religious movements of the last two centuries. What sets these apart from the traditions of the previous section is their form: membership, initiation, degrees, and often secrecy. They are groups one joins and is admitted through, rather than traditions one is born into.History and reputation This is material about which a great deal has been claimed, by adherents and detractors alike, and the atlas is careful to separate documented history from legend and from the claims of hostile outsiders. The entries record when and where a body was founded so far as that is known, what it taught or practised, and its attested history, while flagging where the record is thin or the traditional origin-story is not supported by evidence. The modern new religious movements gathered here range from lawful, self-governing religions to groups that have drawn serious criticism; the atlas describes rather than endorses, and notes controversy where it is documented.All Orders, Societies & MovementsFilter Results494 entriesBelongs To TraditionAllBuddhism (1)Christianity (7)Hinduism (1)Mende Traditional Religion (2)Thelema (3)Yorùbá Religion (Ifá) (1)Founded ByAllAhmad al-Badawi (1)Ahmad al-Tijani (1)Aleister Crowley (1)Alice Bailey (1)Amadou Bamba (1)Baha al-Din Naqshband (1)Bhai Kanhaiya (1)Charles Manson (1)Christian Rosenkreuz (1)David Berg (1)Dion Fortune (1)Dongshan Liangjie (1)Dorothy Maclean (1)Dwight York (1)Eileen Caddy (1)Elizabeth Clare Prophet (1)George King (1)Haji Bektash Veli (1)Hasan-i Sabbah (1)Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (1)Hogen Fukunaga (1)Ivan Stang (1)L. Ron Hubbard (1)Lekhraj Kripalani (1)Linji Yixuan (1)Mahasi Sayadaw (1)Marshall Applewhite (1)Martinez de Pasqually (1)Mawlana Khalid (1)Menachem Mendel of Kotzk (1)Oberon Zell-Ravenheart (1)Oberto Airaudi (1)Papus (1)Peter Caddy (1)Philip Berg (1)Philip Neri (1)Rudolf Steiner (1)Rumi (1)Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers (1)Sun Myung Moon (1)Thích Nhất Hạnh (1)William Robert Woodman (1)William Wynn Westcott (1)Member OfAllA A (Astrum Argenteum) (3)Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite (5)Dashanami Sampradaya (7)Freemasonry (3)Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn (12)Martinist Order (3)Ramanandi Sampradaya (2)Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia (9)York Rite (4)Practice StatusAllHistorical; not practised continuously (5)Living tradition, practised today (295)Revived or reconstructed in the modern era (11)Suppressed, then revived (3)TheologyAllAtheistic: no god (2)Dualist: two opposed cosmic principles (2)Emanationist: reality proceeds from an ineffable One (1)Monistic: one ultimate reality behind all appearance (1)Monotheistic: one God (3)Non-theistic: no creator god is central (7)Attributed ToAllDion Fortune (1)G. I. Gurdjieff (1)Hasan-i Sabbah (1)Martinez de Pasqually (1)Rudolf Steiner (1)Origin Period Start YearAll910 (1)1000 (1)1012 (1)1090 (2)1099 (1)1119 (2)1127 (1)1133 (1)1145 (1)1146 (1)1154 (1)1158 (1)1170 (1)1180 (1)1181 (1)1182 (1)1190 (2)1200 (1)1202 (1)1209 (2)1218 (1)1233 (1)1237 (1)1244 (2)1270 (1)1276 (1)1300 (1)1301 (1)1307 (1)1317 (1)1318 (1)1319 (1)1367 (1)1377 (1)1397 (1)1400 (2)1434 (1)1435 (1)1466 (1)1484 (1)1500 (2)1524 (1)1530 (1)1575 (1)1592 (1)1593 (1)1597 (1)1598 (1)1600 (1)1610 (1)1614 (1)1625 (1)1626 (1)1640 (1)1641 (1)1651 (1)1653 (1)1658 (1)1660 (1)1665 (1)1666 (2)1680 (1)1703 (1)1704 (1)1705 (1)1720 (1)1750 (2)1761 (2)1774 (1)1776 (1)1782 (1)1789 (1)1790 (1)1799 (1)1800 (1)1802 (1)1804 (1)1806 (1)1811 (1)1812 (1)1815 (1)1816 (2)1817 (1)1820 (1)1824 (1)1825 (1)1831 (1)1832 (2)1833 (1)1834 (1)1835 (1)1836 (1)1837 (1)1839 (1)1840 (1)1842 (1)1843 (1)1848 (2)1849 (2)1850 (1)1851 (2)1852 (1)1855 (3)1857 (3)1861 (2)1862 (2)1865 (1)1866 (2)1868 (1)1870 (2)1872 (1)1875 (2)1877 (2)1878 (1)1882 (1)1883 (3)1884 (5)1886 (1)1887 (2)1890 (2)1892 (2)1893 (1)1894 (1)1897 (2)1902 (3)1905 (1)1907 (2)1909 (1)1910 (3)1912 (4)1913 (1)1915 (2)1917 (2)1918 (2)1920 (1)1922 (1)1923 (1)1925 (1)1926 (2)1928 (1)1935 (1)1937 (1)1939 (1)1941 (1)1942 (1)1950 (3)1954 (3)1955 (3)1957 (1)1958 (2)1960 (2)1961 (2)1962 (2)1963 (2)1964 (1)1965 (1)1967 (3)1968 (3)1969 (2)1970 (2)1971 (2)1972 (2)1973 (2)1974 (1)1975 (3)1976 (2)1977 (1)1978 (1)1979 (2)1980 (2)1981 (1)1983 (1)1984 (2)1985 (2)1987 (1)1988 (1)1989 (1)1991 (1)1992 (1)1993 (1)1998 (1)1999 (1)2001 (1)2007 (1)2018 (1)Publication EraAll2000 (2)2002 (3)2003 (2)2004 (1)2005 (2)2006 (1)2007 (2)2009 (3)2010 (2)2011 (4)2013 (1)2015 (4)2016 (1)2017 (6)2018 (8)2019 (6)2020 (5)2021 (4)2022 (7)2023 (11)2024 (4)2025 (4)2026 (3)Rooted InAllAnglican Communion (28)Gaudiya Vaishnavism (1)Hasidic Judaism (34)Mende Traditional Religion (2)Nirmala (1)Roman Catholicism (64)Shaivism (7)Sufism (53)Sunni (2)Theravada (1)Udasi (2)Vaishnavism (2)Zen (3)Branch OfAllCharismatic Movement (1)Ismailism (1)Kind of RecordAllChurch-Commissioned Report (22)Court Judgment (3)Government Commission (15)Grand Jury Report (5)Investigative Report (15)Response Policy (6)Settlement (20)Liturgical LanguageAllClassical Arabic (68)Classical Chinese (4)Classical Persian (2)English (34)Greek (1)Gurmukhi script and Sant Bhasha, the shared literary language in which Sikh scripture is composed (8)Hebrew (34)Japanese (1)Latin (84)Pali (8)Sanskrit (23)The vernacular (87)Tibetan (1)Vietnamese (1)Yiddish (34)Originated InAllAlgeria (2)Australia (3)Austria (1)Belarus (2)Cameroon (1)Canada (6)Chile (1)China (3)Cuba (1)Egypt (3)France (24)Germany (6)Guatemala (1)Hungary (3)India (8)Indonesia (1)Iran (4)Iraq (1)Ireland (1)Italy (11)Japan (2)Moldova (1)Morocco (7)Myanmar (3)Netherlands (1)Pakistan (1)Palestine (1)Poland (6)Portugal (3)Romania (1)Senegal (2)Somalia (1)South Korea (1)Spain (7)Sri Lanka (1)Sudan (1)Switzerland (1)Turkey (6)Turkmenistan (1)Uganda (1)Ukraine (7)United Kingdom (13)United States (42)Yemen (1)Doctrinal PositionAllAdvaita Vedanta Non-Dualism (23)Affiliation to one order only, forfeited by taking a second (1)An interior path (tasawwuf) pursued within the schools of law (72)Anglican Via Media (32)Belief may be concealed where disclosure would bring harm (taqiyya) (1)Catholic Apostolic Magisterial Authority (83)Eastern Orthodox Theosis (1)Engaged Buddhism / Interbeing (1)Hasidic Devekut / Tzaddik Veneration (34)Listening, music or movement as a means of remembrance (2)Mahayana Chan/Zen Teaching (6)Music and movement refused as a means of remembrance (1)No single position across the movement's member churches (2)Remembrance of God practised aloud and in company (16)Remembrance of God practised inwardly and in silence (9)Sainthood and armed readiness held as one inseparable doctrine, the saint-soldier ideal, rather than two separate roles (5)Sant Mat Formless Devotion (2)Theravada Orthodoxy (8)Trinitarian: one God in three persons (6)Part OfAllNaqshbandi Order (1)Status TodayAllHistorical; not practised continuously (28)In active religious use (23)Living tradition, practised today (34)Revived or reconstructed in the modern era (2)TraditionAllAnglicanism (37)Christianity (6)Eastern Orthodoxy (1)Greek Orthodox Church (1)Hasidic Judaism (34)ISKCON (Hare Krishna) (1)Jehovah's Witnesses (2)Latter-day Saints (Mormonism) (4)Modern Orthodox Judaism (2)Nizari Ismailism (2)Roman Catholicism (119)Southern Baptist Convention (1)Sufism (61)Theravada (5)Tibetan Buddhism (3)Zen (1)JurisdictionAllArchdiocese of Cologne, Germany (1)Archdiocese of Freiburg, Germany (1)Archdiocese of Munich and Freising, Germany (1)Arizona, United States (1)Australia (2)Austria (1)Belgium (Belgian Catholic Church, national commission) (1)Diocese of Munster, Germany (1)Diocese of Trier, Germany (1)France (1)Germany (2)Ireland (1)Ireland (Archdiocese of Dublin) (1)Ireland (Diocese of Cloyne) (1)Ireland (Diocese of Ferns) (1)Italy, national (226 Catholic dioceses) (1)Maryland, United States (Archdiocese of Baltimore) (1)Massachusetts, United States (Suffolk Superior Court) (1)Netherlands (1)New Zealand (1)Nova Scotia, Canada (Supreme Court of Nova Scotia) (1)Pennsylvania, United States (1)Portugal (1)Roman Catholic Church in Bolivia, national (1)Roman Catholic Church in Chile, national (1)Roman Catholic Church in France, national (1)Roman Catholic Church in Poland, national (1)Roman Catholic Church in Switzerland, national (1)Spain (1)United Kingdom (Manchester, England) (1)United States (3)United States (Archdiocese of Boston) (1)United States (Bisbee, Arizona) (1)United States (Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America) (1)United States (Lake Elsinore, Riverside County, California) (1)United States (Massachusetts, Archdiocese of Boston) (1)United States and India (ISKCON gurukulas) (1)Worldwide (the Holy See) (1)Parent Order / Branch OfAllBektashi Order (1)Chishti Order (2)Hurufism (1)Inayati Order (1)Jerrahi Order (1)Kubrawiya (2)Naqshbandi Order (9)Qadiriyya Order (4)Rifa'i Order (1)Shattariyya (1)Teutonic Order (1)Tijaniyyah (1)Movement KindAllApocalyptic Movements (New Religious Movements) (2)Christian Movements (New Religious Movements) (7)Eastern Movements (New Religious Movements) (4)Esoteric Movements (New Religious Movements) (5)Invented and Parody Religions (New Religious Movements) (2)Syncretic Movements (New Religious Movements) (5)Therapeutic Movements (New Religious Movements) (2)UFO Movements (New Religious Movements) (4)Ordination PracticeAllAuthority conferred by initiation rather than by ordination (84)Authority conferred through the Amrit Sanskar, the Khalsa initiation rite administered by five initiated Sikhs standing as the Panj Pyare (1)Diksha Initiation (23)Hereditary Tzaddik Succession (34)Holy Orders / Apostolic Succession (46)Ordination is into a monastic order, not to a congregation (1)Scholarly Ijazah Authorization (1)Upasampada Monastic Ordination (15)Varies between provinces or member bodies (7)Vowed Religious Profession (not ordained) (116)Separation Period Start YearAll1307 (1)1761 (1)1887 (1)1900 (1)1912 (1)1918 (1)1922 (1)Derived FromAllChurch of the Nazarene (1)Free Methodist Church (1)Pentecostalism (1)The Salvation Army (1)Wesleyan Church (1)Successor OfAllAnnie Besant (1)Region PresentAllBritish Isles and Gaul (1)China (1)North America (4)Persia (1)West Africa and the Caribbean (4)Western Europe (1)Derived From (Parent Society)AllEkpe (1)Elus Cohen (1)Freemasonry (5)Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn (1)Knights Templar (1)Rosicrucianism (1)Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia (1)Theosophical Society (2)MembershipAllInitiates only (2)Men only (9)Restricted by constitution to a specified ancestry (2)Women and men (8)Women only (1)PolityAllA federation of autonomous member organisations (4)A living imam whose office passes by descent (1)A single central governing body over the whole movement (6)Autonomous initiatory houses under an initiating elder (4)Autonomous local bodies under a national umbrella association (2)Decentralised Branches (2)Organized into Dals, armed bands each led by its own Jathedar, rather than under one central authority (1)Shaykh Led Lineage (5)Kind of orderAllAnglican Religious Communities (31)Buddhist Monastic Orders and Schools (12)Catholic Religious Orders and Congregations (67)Christian Military and Chivalric Orders (12)Hasidic Dynasties (34)Hindu Monastic Orders (19)Other Islamic Movements and Sects (6)Sikh Orders and Jathas (6)Sufi Orders (62)Who may joinAllHereditary or Lineage-Based (34)Hijra or Third-Gender Members (1)Lay and Ordained Together (45)Men Only (40)Open to All Genders (79)Ordained or Clergy Only (1)Women Only (39)ApostolateAllAdministrative / Management (1)Charitable and Medical Work (67)Contemplative or Monastic Prayer (111)Military and Chivalric Service (13)Missionary Work (9)Preaching (48)Spiritual Direction and Dhikr (67)Teaching and Education (92)Show ResultsBrowseCompareSelect all 100Isawiyya orderSufi OrdersIshq-Nuri TariqaSufi OrdersISKCON Gurukula Abuse SettlementInvestigative ReportIsmailaga JamaahSufi OrdersItalian Bishops' Conference First National Report on Clergy AbuseItalian CEI Abuse ReportIzhbitza-RadzinHasidic DynastiesJ.W. v. Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.Court JudgmentJahriyyaSufi OrdersJaririyaSufi OrdersJediismInvented and Parody ReligionsJelveti OrderSufi OrdersJerrahi OrderSufi OrdersJilalaSufi OrdersJohn Jay ReportChurch-Commissioned ReportJuna AkharaHindu Monastic OrdersKabbalah CentreEsoteric MovementsKabir PanthHindu Monastic OrdersKarlin-StolinHasidic DynastiesKasnazaniSufi OrdersKhalidiyyaSufi OrdersKhatmiyyaSufi OrdersKhufiyyaSufi OrdersKhwajaganSufi OrdersKinnar AkharaHindu Monastic OrdersKlasnic Commission (Austria)Klasnic CommissionKlausenburg (Hasidic dynasty)Hasidic DynastiesKnight Kadosh (Scottish Rite)Scottish Rite DegreesKnight of the Rose Croix (Scottish Rite)Scottish Rite DegreesKnight Templar (York Rite)York Rite DegreesKnights HospitallerMilitant SocietiesKnights TemplarMilitant SocietiesKotzkHasidic DynastiesKubrawiyaSufi OrdersLake Elsinore Civil Verdict Naming the Latter-day Saint Church as Co-DefendantInvestigative ReportLayeneSufi OrdersLegion of ChristCatholic Religious Orders and CongregationsLiberation TheologyReligious MovementsLinji schoolBuddhist Monastic Orders and SchoolsLittle GiddingAnglican Religious CommunitiesLittle Sisters of JesusCatholic Religious Orders and CongregationsLittle Sisters of the PoorCatholic Religious Orders and CongregationsLivonian Brothers of the SwordChristian Military and Chivalric OrdersLivonian OrderChristian Military and Chivalric OrdersLove Has WonEsoteric MovementsMadariyyaSufi OrdersMagister (SRIA)Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia GradesMagister Templi (A A)A A GradesMagister Templi (Golden Dawn)Golden Dawn Third OrderMagus (Golden Dawn)Golden Dawn Third OrderMagus (SRIA)Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia GradesMahādvāra NikāyaBuddhist Monastic Orders and SchoolsMahanirvani AkharaHindu Monastic OrdersMahasthabir NikayaBuddhist Monastic Orders and SchoolsMaizbhandariSufi OrdersMakin ReviewChurch-Commissioned ReportMalamatiyyaSufi OrdersManson FamilyApocalyptic MovementsMark Master (York Rite)York Rite DegreesMartinist OrderTheurgic SocietiesMaryamiyya OrderSufi OrdersMaryknoll SistersCatholic Religious Orders and CongregationsMaryland Attorney General Report on the Archdiocese of BaltimoreGrand Jury ReportMassachusetts Attorney General Report on the Archdiocese of BostonGrand Jury ReportMaster Mason (Freemasonry)Blue Lodge (Craft) DegreesMaster of the Royal Secret (Scottish Rite)Scottish Rite DegreesMcAleese ReportGovernment CommissionMedical Mission SistersCatholic Religious Orders and CongregationsMelitzHasidic DynastiesMenzil CommunitySufi OrdersMercedariansCatholic Religious Orders and CongregationsMevlevi OrderSufi OrdersMHG StudyChurch-Commissioned ReportMissionaries of AfricaCatholic Religious Orders and CongregationsMissionary Oblates of Mary ImmaculateCatholic Religious Orders and CongregationsModzitzHasidic DynastiesMoorish Science Temple of AmericaOther Islamic Movements and SectsMovement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of GodChristian MovementsMujaddidi OrderSufi OrdersMulleriyawa Wimalatissa Child Sexual Abuse ConvictionInvestigative ReportMunkacs (Hasidic dynasty)Hasidic DynastiesMurabitun World MovementSufi OrdersMuridiyyaSufi OrdersMurphy ReportGovernment CommissionMuslim BrotherhoodOther Islamic Movements and SectsNadvorna (Hasidic dynasty)Hasidic DynastiesNamdhariSikh Orders and JathasNaqshbandi Haqqani Sufi OrderSufi OrdersNaqshbandi OrderSufi OrdersNarayan Sai Rape ConvictionInvestigative ReportNasiriyyaSufi OrdersNasuhiSufi OrdersNaya Udasin AkharaSikh Orders and JathasNeophyte (Golden Dawn)Golden Dawn First OrderNihangSikh Orders and JathasNikolsburg (Hasidic dynasty)Hasidic DynastiesNimatullahi OrderSufi OrdersNiranjani AkharaHindu Monastic OrdersNirankariSikh Orders and JathasNirmal AkharaSikh Orders and JathasNirmohi AkharaHindu Monastic Orders← Previous12345Next →Sources1. Encyclopedia of Religiontier 1Mircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.), Macmillan Reference, 2005s.v. Secret SocietiesView the SourceDivinity Atlas Directory Prose, First Edition Category Descriptionstier 1Comments (0)No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.Sign in to join the discussion.Reader Challenges (0)No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.Sign in to dispute this or suggest a correction.