Home›Figures›All FiguresBrowse ByAll FiguresNamed figures from scripture, myth and legend who are not gods: prophets, apostles, patriarchs, heroes, saints and the personages of sacred narrative. Each entry records the tradition, the figure's role in the story and their principal associations. Whether a given figure is historical is a separate question from what the tradition says about them, and the entries do not conflate the two.FactsLearn MoreAll FiguresConnectionsSourcesComments (0)Reader Challenges (0)FactsStructureStructureWell-attestedNamed figures of a tradition's sacred narrative who are not worshipped as gods, grouped by role, prophets, apostles, saints, sages, founders, kings, heroes and their adversaries among them. Where a tradition draws the line between a god and a revered non-divine figure differs, and in several it is internally disputed, so this category's boundary is not the same everywhere. 1OverviewPeoples and Traditions CoveredWell-attestedA cover heading. The traditions gathered under it each have their own vocabulary for these figures, navi in Hebrew, nabi and rasul in Arabic, apostolos in Christian Greek, rishi and guru in India, arhat and bodhisattva in Buddhism, Tirthankara in Jainism, and no one of those words is a translation of another. 1Learn MoreFigures of Sacred Narrative This category holds the named figures of scripture, myth and legend who are not themselves gods: prophets, patriarchs and matriarchs, apostles and disciples, saints, sages, founders, kings, heroes and heroines, and their adversaries, demons, monsters and titans. They are the persons who act within a tradition's sacred story without being worshipped as divine. The boundary with deity is drawn differently in different traditions and is sometimes internally disputed. A figure may be a revered but wholly human teacher in one community and an object of devotion approaching worship in another, and the atlas notes such cases rather than forcing a single classification.Confession and history For many of these figures the tradition's account and the historical record diverge, and the atlas keeps the two distinct. It reports what a tradition holds about its prophets, saints and heroes, their role in the narrative and their principal associations, while noting, where relevant, what historians can and cannot establish about a figure's existence or life. The characters group by kind (prophets, apostles, saints, heroes, demons, valkyries, bodhisattvas and the rest), so a reader can move through the personnel of sacred story by type. Some are dual-modelled with a deity or historical-figure page and are kept complementary.All FiguresFilter Results582 entriesPlace of OriginAllAksum (3)Anatolia and Asia Minor (2)Ancient Israel (36)Ancient Rome (4)Arabia (1)Babylonia (1)Bengal (1)Bihar (1)Britain (7)British Isles (2)Byzantine Empire (1)Canaan (1)Castile (1)China (17)Egypt (14)England (9)Ethiopia (1)Galilee (2)Germany (7)Greece (46)India (55)Italy (5)Japan (23)Judea (4)Kashmir (1)Kerala (1)Maharashtra (2)Mecca (8)Mesoamerica (2)Mesopotamia (7)North America (1)Persia (6)Polynesia (7)Punjab (3)Rome (1)Samaria (1)Scandinavia (11)Scotland (3)Southeast Asia (2)Tamil Nadu (1)The Andes (1)The Levant (1)Tibet (7)United States (2)Valley of Mexico (1)West Africa (4)Yorubaland (13)HistoricityAllComposite figure: more than one person or tradition behind the name (14)Historically attested (239)Historicity debated (49)Legendary: known from narrative tradition, not the historical record (139)Not a historical person: a divine or other-than-human being (132)TraditionAllAncient Egyptian Religion (8)Ancient Greek Religion (37)Aztec Religion (1)Bahá’í Faith (3)Buddhism (40)Celtic Paganism (8)Chinese Folk Religion (3)Christianity (162)Confucianism (8)Gnosticism (1)Haitian Vodou (1)Hinduism (55)Hittite Religion (1)Inca Religion (1)Islam (33)Jainism (24)Judaism (59)Korean Muism (1)Lakota Religion (1)Latter Day Saint Movement (7)Manichaeism (1)Maya Religion (2)Mesopotamian Religion (5)Native American Religion (1)Norse Paganism (7)Polynesian Religion (8)Roman Religion (3)Shinto (18)Sikhism (12)Spiritualism (3)Taoism (3)Vietnamese Folk Religion (2)Vodun (West African) (6)Yorùbá Religion (Ifá) (15)Zoroastrianism (5)Office HeldAllArchbishop of Canterbury, 1533 to 1553 (1)Bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia from 370 until his death (1)Bishop of Lyons (1)Bishop of Nyssa from about 372 until his death (1)Caliph briefly in 661, before his treaty with Muawiya (1)Emperor of Tibet from about 755 to about 797 (1)First king of Israel, anointed by Samuel (1)Founding abbot of Clairvaux (1)Goddess of dawn, mirth, dance and revelry (1)King at Indraprastha, and after the war at Hastinapura (1)King of Aksum in the middle of the fourth century (1)King of Judah, reigning at the end of the eighth century BCE (1)King of Kosala, ruling at Ayodhya (1)King of Siam from 1868 to 1910, the fifth of the Chakri line (1)One of the seven deacons of Rome under Pope Sixtus II (1)Patriarch of Constantinople, 1043 to 1058 (1)Pope from 1513 to 1521 (1)Pope from 1523 to 1534 (1)Pope from 1566 to 1572 (1)Pope, 1198 to 1216 (1)Pope, 1316 to 1334, the second Avignon pope (1)Pope, 1455 to 1458, the first of the two Borgia popes (1)Pope, 1878 to 1903 (1)Pope, 1922 to 1939 (1)Pope, 1939 to 1958 (1)Pope, 1963 to 1978 (1)Pope, 401 to 417 (1)Pope, 687 to 701 (1)Pope, 741 to 752 (1)Pope, 795 to 816 (1)Queen of the Shakyas, wife of Suddhodana of Kapilavastu (1)Tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, 4 BCE to 39 CE (1)Member OfAllThe Kauravas (1)The Pandavas (5)Veneration StatusAllActively venerated in a living tradition (350)Historically attested; no continuous cult (25)No Cult Attested (73)Venerated in a modern revival tradition (4)Revered InAllAncient Egyptian Religion (8)Ancient Greek Religion (15)Ancient Mesopotamian Religion (5)Ancient Roman Religion (2)Baha'i Faith (13)Buddhism (37)Candomble (10)Christianity (165)Confucianism (4)Gnosticism (1)Hinduism (41)Islam (56)Jainism (23)Judaism (50)Mandaeism (1)Manichaeism (2)Maori Religion (6)Mesoamerican Religion (2)Norse/Germanic Paganism (4)Paganism (5)Samaritanism (1)Santeria (Lucumi) (8)Shinto (11)Sikhism (11)Taoism (1)Vodun (West African) (2)Yahwism (1)Yoruba Religion (14)Zoroastrianism (5)Lifespan Start YearAll-2680 (1)-2333 (1)-1300 (1)-1288 (1)-1112 (1)-1111 (1)-1010 (1)-1009 (1)-1000 (2)-970 (1)-900 (1)-877 (1)-872 (1)-753 (1)-752 (1)-741 (1)-740 (1)-640 (1)-600 (1)-599 (1)-579 (1)-551 (1)-372 (1)-340 (1)-313 (1)-310 (1)-200 (1)-156 (1)-74 (1)-73 (1)-50 (3)-20 (1)-6 (2)-4 (1)1 (1)5 (1)10 (1)28 (1)30 (3)100 (4)130 (1)135 (1)216 (1)225 (1)239 (1)250 (1)296 (1)300 (1)316 (1)329 (1)330 (2)335 (1)339 (1)345 (1)347 (2)349 (1)354 (1)360 (1)400 (2)401 (1)451 (1)464 (1)480 (1)500 (1)505 (1)540 (1)543 (1)550 (1)554 (1)570 (1)573 (1)576 (1)584 (1)601 (1)602 (1)605 (1)614 (2)619 (1)624 (1)626 (2)634 (1)638 (1)650 (2)673 (1)675 (1)679 (1)701 (1)702 (1)745 (1)767 (1)774 (1)788 (1)790 (1)871 (1)949 (1)982 (1)1012 (1)1015 (1)1016 (1)1017 (1)1033 (2)1035 (1)1040 (1)1055 (1)1058 (1)1077 (1)1078 (1)1080 (1)1090 (1)1098 (1)1130 (2)1133 (1)1138 (1)1143 (1)1160 (1)1170 (1)1173 (1)1175 (1)1181 (1)1182 (1)1194 (1)1195 (1)1200 (3)1207 (1)1214 (1)1225 (1)1230 (1)1235 (1)1238 (1)1244 (1)1250 (1)1260 (1)1263 (1)1270 (1)1296 (1)1303 (1)1308 (1)1314 (1)1316 (1)1320 (1)1342 (1)1347 (1)1360 (1)1378 (1)1380 (1)1412 (1)1414 (1)1443 (1)1455 (1)1469 (1)1474 (1)1475 (1)1478 (1)1479 (1)1483 (1)1484 (1)1486 (1)1489 (1)1491 (1)1494 (1)1496 (1)1497 (1)1499 (1)1500 (1)1502 (1)1504 (3)1509 (1)1514 (1)1515 (1)1516 (1)1534 (1)1542 (1)1552 (1)1563 (1)1566 (1)1583 (1)1586 (1)1595 (1)1608 (1)1621 (1)1630 (1)1656 (1)1666 (1)1686 (1)1703 (2)1714 (1)1737 (1)1754 (1)1792 (1)1810 (1)1817 (1)1819 (2)1831 (1)1835 (3)1836 (1)1838 (1)1844 (2)1853 (1)1857 (1)1863 (1)1870 (1)1876 (1)1879 (1)1892 (1)1896 (1)1897 (1)1901 (1)1907 (1)1908 (1)1910 (1)1920 (1)1927 (1)1936 (1)Child OfAllAbraham (2)Abu Bakr (1)Abu Talib (1)Adam (1)Ali (2)Baha'u'llah (1)Bathsheba (1)Coeus (2)Cronus (5)Dasharatha (2)Eve (1)Fatimah (2)Gaia (10)Geb (2)Guru Arjan (1)Guru Hargobind (1)Guru Nanak (1)Guru Ram Das (1)Guru Tegh Bahadur (1)Hagar (1)Hera (1)Herod the Great (1)Iapetus (1)Isaac (2)Isis (1)Jacob (9)Jafar al-Sadiq (1)Joseph of Nazareth (1)Joseph son of Jacob (1)Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (1)King David (1)Leto (2)Mary (1)Mawu-Lisa (2)Maya (1)Muhammad (1)Odin (1)Osiris (1)Phoebe (2)Rachel (1)Rhea (5)Sarah (1)Tantalus (1)Uranos (9)Zeus (7)Manner Of DeathAllAssassinated (13)Attained liberation (moksha) (24)Deicide: killed by another deity (1)Died by accident or misadventure (6)Died by suicide (4)Died of natural causes (112)Disputed (11)Entered parinirvana (1)Executed (16)Extrajudicial killing: put to death outside any lawful process (3)Killed in battle (24)Martyred (23)Sati: ritual self-immolation upon a spouse's death (1)Taken up without dying, as the tradition holds (10)GenderAllBeyond gender (19)Collective / plural, not a single figure (5)Female (111)Gender-fluid across the tradition (4)Male (427)CanonizationAllBeatified: recognised as blessed, the stage before canonization (4)Cult reduced to local calendars in the 1969 revision (2)Formally canonized (61)Not part of any canonization process (17)Pre-Congregation: venerated before any formal process existed (54)Venerable: the stage after Servant of God, before beatification (4)Show ResultsBrowseCompareSelect all 100A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami PrabhupadaGurusAaronProphetsAbd al-Qadir al-JilaniSagesAbdu'l-BahaSagesAbgar of EdessaKingsAbhinandananathaTirthankarasAbrahamPatriarchsAbu BakrCaliphsAbu TalibProtectorsAchillesHeroesAdamPatriarchsAdi ShankaraSagesAditiMatriarchsAeneasHeroesAganjuDepartmental GodsAisha bint Abi BakrMatriarchsAjitanathaTirthankarasAkiva ben JosephSagesAkka MahadeviSagesAl-GhazaliSagesAliAhl al-BaytAmaterasuCelestial DeitiesAmbrose of MilanSaintsAme-no-UzumeRoad Guardian DeitiesAmosProphetsAnandaDisciplesAnantanathaTirthankarasAndalSagesAndrewApostlesAngra Mainyu (Ahriman)AdversariesAnselm of CanterburySaintsAnthony of PaduaSaintsAnubisUnderworld DeitiesAphroditeDepartmental GodsApolloDepartmental GodsApophis (Apep)MonstersAranathaTirthankarasAresDepartmental GodsArjunaHeroesArtemisVirgin GoddessesAsangaSagesAsteriaTitansAthanasius of AlexandriaSaintsAthenaVirgin GoddessesAtishaSagesAtlasTitansAtriSagesÂu CơMatriarchsAugustine of HippoSaintsAvalokiteshvaraBodhisattvasAzazelDemonsBabalú-AyeDepartmental GodsBaha'u'llahFoundersBalaamProphetsBarachielAngelsBarbaraSaintsBartholomewApostlesBasil the GreatSaintsBathshebaMatriarchsBedeSaintsBeelzebubDemonsBellerophonHeroesBenedict of NursiaSaintsBenedict XVIPriestsBenjaminPatriarchsBenzaitenDepartmental GodsBeowulfHeroesBernadette SoubirousSaintsBernard of ClairvauxSaintsBharadvajaSagesBhimaHeroesBhishmaHeroesBhrikutiFoundersBoniface IVPriestsBoniface VIIIPriestsBridget of SwedenSaintsBrigid of KildareSaintsBrynhildValkyriesBuddhaghosaSagesCaedmonSaintsCaiaphasPriestsCainAdversariesCallixtus IIIPriestsCatherine of SienaSaintsCécile FatimanPriestsCeciliaSaintsChaitanyaSagesChamuelAngelsChandraprabhaTirthankarasCharles V, Holy Roman EmperorKingsChen TuanSagesCheng YiSagesChristopherSaintsChulalongkornKingsClare of AssisiSaintsClement VIIPriestsCoeusTitansConfuciusSagesCriusTitans123…6Next →ConnectionsShowing the first 400 of 577 connections.Sources1. Encyclopedia of Religiontier 1Mircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.), Macmillan Reference, 2005The classification of religious figuresView the SourceDivinity Atlas Directory Prose, First Edition Category Descriptionstier 1Hooker, Thomas (1586 to 1647) (Dictionary of National Biography, 1885 to 1900)tier 1Dictionary of National Biography contributors, Smith, Elder and Co.; Wikisource transcription consulted directlyEntries in This Category: Thomas HookerView the SourceComments (0)No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.Sign in to join the discussion.Reader Challenges (0)No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.Sign in to dispute this or suggest a correction.