Anatta, that there is no permanent unchanging self, is affirmed across Buddhist schools, including this tradition.
Source The Foundations of BuddhismRupert Gethin
Vajrayana holds no-self with the Mahayana and puts it to work in practice, since deity yoga depends on the practitioner having no fixed identity to dissolve and re-imagine as an enlightened form.
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
Source The Princeton Dictionary of BuddhismRobert E. Buswell Jr. and Donald S. Lopez Jr.
Buddhahood attainable within a single lifetime through tantric method is this tradition's central soteriological claim.
Source Introduction to Tibetan BuddhismJohn Powers
Buddha-nature as the basis tantric method works with is affirmed across this tradition's schools.
Source Introduction to Tibetan BuddhismJohn Powers
Tibetan practice chants mantra rather than plain recitation, syllables tied to particular buddhas and received at initiation, counted on beads and often sustained toward totals of a hundred thousand within a deity practice.
Source An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices, 2nd editionPeter Harvey
Tibetan Buddhism holds both, fully ordained celibate monastics in the great monasteries and married yogic and tantric lineage holders alongside them, with the Gelug school the most strictly monastic of the four.
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
Tibetan mantras are tied to particular buddhas and given at empowerment, counted on a mala toward totals of a hundred thousand or more, and also set turning in prayer wheels and printed on flags so recitation continues without a voice.
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
Dependent origination, that phenomena arise in dependence on conditions, is the central explanatory principle shared across Buddhist schools, including this tradition.
Source The Foundations of BuddhismRupert Gethin
Dukkha, the unsatisfactoriness of conditioned existence and the first Noble Truth, is affirmed across Buddhist schools, including this tradition.
Source The Pali Canon (Tipitaka)Anonymous (Theravada tradition)
Vajrayana takes over the Mahayana teaching of emptiness and joins it to bliss, so that the union of emptiness and blissful awareness is what its tantric methods are designed to realise directly.
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
Source Introduction to Tibetan BuddhismJohn Powers
The Karandavyuha Sutra, source of the mantra Om Manipadme Hum, underlies this tradition's mantra and deity practice around Avalokitesvara.
Source The Origins of Om Manipadme Hum: A Study of the Karandavyuha SutraAlexander Studholme
Karma, action and its consequence, is affirmed as the mechanism of rebirth across Buddhist schools, including this tradition.
Source The Princeton Dictionary of BuddhismRobert E. Buswell Jr. and Donald S. Lopez Jr.
Vajrayana accepts the law of action and result and adds ritual means, purification practices, mantra and confession held to exhaust karmic debts more swiftly than ordinary moral effort.
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
Clergy or specialist role within Vajrayana.
Source Introduction to Tibetan BuddhismJohn Powers
Source Introduction to Tibetan BuddhismJohn Powers
The Nilakantha Dharani Sutra, a dharani text embedded in ritual recitation, belongs to this tradition's scriptural basis for mantra practice.
Source The Princeton Dictionary of BuddhismRobert E. Buswell Jr. and Donald S. Lopez Jr.
Nirvana, the cessation of craving and the end of rebirth, is the shared goal named across Buddhist schools, including this tradition.
Source The Princeton Dictionary of BuddhismRobert E. Buswell Jr. and Donald S. Lopez Jr.
Vajrayana holds that buddhahood can be reached in a single lifetime by tantric means, a claim to speed that distinguishes its account of the goal from the long path of successive lives.
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
Source Mahaparinibbana Sutta (Digha Nikaya 16)Anonymous (Pali canon)
Samsara, the beginningless round of rebirth from which the Buddhist path seeks release, is affirmed across Buddhist schools, including this tradition.
Source The Princeton Dictionary of BuddhismRobert E. Buswell Jr. and Donald S. Lopez Jr.
That buddhahood can be reached in this life and this body, rather than over incalculable aeons, is the Vajrayana's central promise and the ground of its self-description as the swift path. The methods are transmitted under initiation and are not set out publicly.
Source Indo-Tibetan Buddhism: Indian Buddhists and Their Tibetan SuccessorsDavid L. Snellgrove
Vajrayana is Buddhist tantra: mantra, mandala, mudra and deity visualisation transmitted by initiation under a guru, offered as a swift path to enlightenment within a single lifetime and closed to the uninitiated.
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
Tantra is what gives Vajrayana its name and character, a body of initiatory practice using mantra, visualisation and ritual said to bring enlightenment in one lifetime rather than over many.
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
Vajrayana takes the bodhisattva vow as the necessary ground of tantric practice, holding that its powerful methods may be used only by one who has undertaken to liberate all beings.
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
The Four Noble Truths, the Buddha's foundational diagnosis of suffering and its cure, are affirmed as the basis of the path across Buddhist schools, including this tradition.
Source The Foundations of BuddhismRupert Gethin
Vajrayana keeps the Four Noble Truths as the base of a graded path, teaching that the foundational, Mahayana and tantric vehicles are taken in sequence rather than set against one another.
Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)
The Noble Eightfold Path, the fourth Noble Truth's prescribed practice, structures the path across Buddhist schools, including this tradition.
Source The Foundations of BuddhismRupert Gethin
Going for refuge in the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha is the formula of Buddhist identity across schools, including this tradition, with further tantra-specific refuge objects.
Source The Foundations of BuddhismRupert Gethin
The three marks, impermanence, unsatisfactoriness and non-self, are held as characteristics of all conditioned things across Buddhist schools, including this tradition.
Source The Foundations of BuddhismRupert Gethin
The Madhyamaka distinction of conventional and ultimate truth underlies this tradition's philosophical basis.
Source Introduction to Tibetan BuddhismJohn Powers
Tantric method, transmitted through empowerment and structured around deity yoga and mandala, is this tradition's defining practice.
Source Indo-Tibetan Buddhism: Indian Buddhists and Their Tibetan SuccessorsDavid L. Snellgrove
Source Wheel of Life, accession C2006.66.131 (Rubin Museum of Himalayan Art)Rubin Museum of Himalayan Art, catalogue entry; Elena Pakhoutova (Senior Curator) with Smarthistory