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Global

A designation for traditions, figures or concepts that are worldwide rather than tied to a single continent. It is the atlas's own marker rather than a category any tradition uses, and it carries the material whose spread is itself the point.

Facts
Attributions
Tradition
Greek astrological material was translated into Sanskrit, and later into Arabic, Persian and Latin, so the transmission crossed continents repeatedly and in more than one direction. 1Tradition: Traditional Western astrology
Tradition
Horoscopic astrology has Mesopotamian foundations, an Egyptian layer, a Greek synthesis, an Indian line of development, an Arabic and Persian systematisation and a Latin European consolidation, so no single continent holds it. 2Tradition: Traditional Western astrology
Correspondences
Zodiac Rulership
None assigned. As the atlas's own worldwide marker rather than a region any classical chorography maps, Global was never given a quarter, triplicity or ruling sign. 1
Identity
Element
None assigned, for the same reason: Global names material whose reach crosses every quarter rather than a region within one of them. 1
Origins
Region
Worldwide by transmission rather than by origin 2Tradition: Traditional Western astrology
Learn More
A Marker, Not a Tradition's Category

Global is the atlas's own designation and not a category any tradition uses, which is worth saying at the top of its own entry.

Every other continent row here corresponds to something a source recognises: a quarter of the inhabited world, a triplicity, a region with sign assignments attached to it. Global corresponds to nothing of the kind. It exists because the atlas has to file material that is not tied to one landmass, and because leaving such material under a continent it merely passed through would put a false claim into the record.

Three kinds of thing end up here. The first is material whose spread is the point, a practice or a body of technique that moved across several continents and belongs to the transmission rather than to any one stop on it. The second is material that arose in several places without a demonstrated line between them, where asserting an origin would be asserting more than the evidence carries. The third is modern and contemporary material that was worldwide from the start.

Naming the marker as a marker is a small piece of honesty with a practical effect. A reader who sees Global on an entry should understand it as the atlas declining to make a geographic claim, rather than as the atlas making a very large one.

Why Some Material Has No Continent

The case for a continent free designation is easiest to see in astrology itself, which is the subject this entry was created alongside.

The technique in this vocabulary has Mesopotamian foundations, an Egyptian layer, a Greek synthesis, an Indian line of development, a Persian and Arabic systematisation, a Latin European consolidation, and a modern revival drawing on all of them. Filing it under a continent means choosing one of those and demoting the rest. Filing it as global states the actual situation, which is that the thing is the transmission.

The same reasoning applies well beyond astrology. Alchemical practice, divinatory geomancy, the great scriptural religions, calendar systems, and a large part of the herbal and mineral correspondence material this atlas records all have histories that cross continents, often repeatedly and in both directions.

There is a discipline that comes with using the marker. Global must not become the place where an unresearched origin goes to hide. A tradition with a known homeland gets that homeland, and a claim about origin that the sources do not support is recorded as an open question rather than dissolved into a category that makes it disappear. Used carefully, the row records a real property of the material. Used carelessly it would be a way of not knowing something quietly, which is why this entry is written as an instruction to the atlas as much as a description for a reader.

Connections

Associated With

This source names Global directly: "nations, its theme Bridging the Global Zarathushti Existence, and Justice Rohinton F."

Source 12th World Zoroastrian Congress 2022 NYC (FEZANA)

This source names Global directly: "Kevin Ward's A History of Global Anglicanism, Cambridge University Press, 2006, is the standard academic history of the Anglican Communion's formation from the sixteenth century to the present..."

Source A History of Global AnglicanismKevin Ward

This source names Global directly: "The Seventh-day Adventist Church's global humanitarian and development agency, established in November 1956 as the Seventh-day Adventist Welfare Service (SAWS) and renamed the Adventist Development..."

Source History of ADRA (ADRA Asia Regional Office)ADRA Asia Regional Office

This source names Global directly: "Anderson is a specialist scholar of global Pentecostal and African independent Christianity, and this study works from documented research into African Initiated Churches, the Christian movements..."

Source African Reformation: African Initiated Christianity in the Twentieth CenturyAllan H. Anderson

This source names Global directly: "on the Alliance World Fellowship, the global federation of national churches descended from the Christian and Missionary Alliance, consulted 2026-08-16."

Source Alliance World Fellowship (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

This source names Global directly: "became rivals for leadership of the global jihadist movement, each claiming the other has departed from correct doctrine and strategy."

Source Global Salafism: Islam's New Religious MovementRoel Meijer (ed.)

This source names Global directly: "international and US programs and a Global Cohesion initiative."

Source American Friends Service Committee (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

This source names Global directly: "from sixteen countries, and the global Zoroastrian community's estimated population of roughly one hundred twenty five thousand, including more than thirty thousand adherents now in the United..."

Source Ancient But Small in Number, Zoroastrians Confront Depletion of Their Faith (Associated Press via PBS NewsHour)David Crary

This source names Global directly: "full communion with several Anglican Global South primates."

Source Anglican Church in North America (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

This source names Global directly: "years; and for the movement's rapid global reach, spreading to over fifty nations within two years, an event commonly regarded as the beginning of the modern Pentecostal movement, today counting..."

Source Azusa Street Revival (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

This source names Global directly: "Buddhist Global Relief funds food security, sustainable agriculture, women's empowerment and education programmes worldwide, expressing the Buddhist ethical commitment to relieving suffering through..."

Source Buddhist Global Relief: IRS Form 990, Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2025Buddhist Global Relief

This source names Global directly: "English Wikipedia article on Buddhist Global Relief, covering its June 2008 founding by Bhikkhu Bodhi and its registration in New Jersey."

Source Buddhist Global Relief (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

This source names Global directly: "figure, distinct from the foundation's global, Taiwan based network statistics recorded elsewhere on this page."

Source Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation IRS Form 990 (ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer)Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation (voluntarily filed with the US Internal Revenue Service, reproduced by ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer)

This source names Global directly: "Tradition, hosted as a PDF by his own Global Institute for Sikh Studies, was originally published as a chapter in Sikh Religion, Culture and Ethnicity, edited by Christopher Shackle and others..."

Source Canon Formation in the Sikh Tradition (Gurinder Singh Mann)Gurinder Singh Mann

This source names Global directly: "report by the Center for the Study of Global Christianity at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, authored by Todd M."

Source Christianity in its Global Context, 1970-2020: Society, Religion, and MissionTodd M. Johnson, Gina A. Zurlo, and colleagues

This source names Global directly: "decline of piracy correlates with global warming, offered as a parody of arguments that mistake correlation for causation; and that the world may have been created to appear far older than it is, in..."

Source Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster / Pastafarianism (Elisha McIntyre, World Religions and Spirituality Project)Elisha McIntyre

This source names Global directly: "for-profit organizations working in global health, humanitarian relief and economic development."

Source Corus International (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

This source names Global directly: "June 9, 2025 report on how the global religious landscape changed from 2010 to 2020, finding that Buddhists were the only major group to shrink worldwide in that decade, from 343 million (just under..."

Source Countries with the Most Buddhists & Global Buddhist Population Change, 2010-2020

This source names Global directly: "June 9, 2025 report on how the global religious landscape changed from 2010 to 2020, finding the number of Christians worldwide rose by 122 million to 2.3 billion, while falling as a share of world..."

Source Countries with the Most Christians & Global Christian Population Change, 2010-2020

This source names Global directly: "June 9, 2025 report on how the global religious landscape changed from 2010 to 2020, finding the number of Hindus worldwide grew 12 percent in that decade, from a little under 1.1 billion in 2010 to..."

Source Countries with the Most Hindus & Global Hindu Population Change, 2010-2020

This source names Global directly: "June 9, 2025 report on how the global religious landscape changed from 2010 to 2020, finding the global Muslim population grew 21 percent in that decade, from 1.7 billion (24 percent of world..."

Source Countries with the Most Muslims & Global Muslim Population Change, 2010-2020

This source names Global directly: "By October 1999 it had already expanded into a dedicated global satellite channel, Da Ai Tai, reaching Tzu Chi's members and the broader Chinese speaking diaspora."

Source Da Ai Television (Wikipedia)

This source names Global directly: "making Yoido Full Gospel Church one of global Pentecostalism's clearest demonstrations that the movement's twentieth century growth ran as strongly through the global South as through its North..."

Source The Ministry of Yoido Full Gospel Church (Yoido Full Gospel Church)

This source names Global directly: "Soka Gakkai movement he leads, and its globalization as a lay Buddhist humanist movement."

Source Encountering the Dharma: Daisaku Ikeda, Soka Gakkai, and the Globalization of Buddhist HumanismRichard Hughes Seager

This source names Global directly: "with the Anglican Communion's global network of dioceses and local partners."

Source Episcopal Relief and Development: IRS Form 990, Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2024Episcopal Relief and Development

This source names Global directly: "for integration across the church's global structure."

Source Erton C. Kohler Elected as General Conference President (North American Division of Seventh-day Adventists)

This source names Global directly: "This is a news report from Buddhistdoor Global, an established nonprofit Buddhist news outlet, covering the January 2026 exposition in New Delhi that publicly reunited the Piprahwa gem relics with..."

Source Famed Piprahwa Gems On Display in India After More Than 120 Years AbroadBuddhistdoor

This source names Global directly: "The Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online is a standing reference work maintained collaboratively by Mennonite historical societies and related institutions, covering the history..."

Source Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia OnlineMennonite Historical Society and partner bodies

This source names Global directly: "Pew Research Center's 2008 report on global Anglicanism, read 2026-08-22, estimating worldwide Anglican membership at roughly 80 million and discussing the difficulty of an exact count."

Source Global Anglicanism at a Crossroads (Pew Research Center, 2008)Pew Research Center

This source names Global directly: "Global Christianity: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population, the Pew Research Center's own 2011 demographic report, estimates the size and global distribution of..."

Source Global Christianity: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian PopulationPew Research Center

This source names Global directly: "analyzing Center for the Study of Global Christianity data on Christian movements and denominations worldwide."

Source Global Christianity: Movements and Denominations

This source names Global directly: "Initiative's own page describing its Global Council of Trustees, the fiduciary and governing body of the organization, and how its members are elected."

Source Global Council of Trustees (United Religions Initiative, Own Website)United Religions Initiative

This source names Global directly: "Wikipedia's article on the Global Methodist Church, community-edited."

Source Global Methodist Church (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

This source names Global directly: "A 23 August 2018 Global News report by Brett Bundale of The Canadian Press, on new allegations against Shambhala's Sakyong and his response to them, quoting his attorney Michael Scott saying the..."

Source Global News Reporting on the Sakyong's Attorney Response to 2018 AllegationsBrett Bundale, The Canadian Press

This source names Global directly: "Center's December 18, 2012 profile of global Buddhists within its Global Religious Landscape study, stating there were about 488 million Buddhists worldwide as of 2010, 7 percent of the global..."

Source Global Religious Landscape: Buddhists

This source names Global directly: "Center's December 18, 2012 profile of global Hindus within its Global Religious Landscape study, stating there were about 1 billion Hindus worldwide as of 2010, 15 percent of the global population..."

Source Global Religious Landscape: Hindus

This source names Global directly: "contributors surveying Salafism as a global Islamic movement, each addressing its theology, politics or regional variation from their own documented area of research rather than one editor..."

Source Global Salafism: Islam's New Religious MovementRoel Meijer (ed.)

This source names Global directly: "Assembly or country; the charge was global, exercised through teaching, defending the Faith against opposition and dissent, and counselling the elected institutions of the Administrative Order."

Source A Concise Encyclopedia of the Baha'i FaithPeter Smith

This source names Global directly: "scope toward twentieth century global conflicts rather than defending its more specific, unfulfilled predictions."

Source Have We Not Had a Prophet Among Us? Joseph Smith's Civil War ProphecyScott C. Esplin

This source names Global directly: "so Pentecostalism's later, much larger global expansion needs separate, more current sources to cover."

Source Heaven Below: Early Pentecostals and American CultureGrant Wacker

This source names Global directly: "Charismatic Christian congregation and global network founded in 1983 in Baulkham Hills, New South Wales, Australia, by Brian Houston and Bobbie Houston as the Hills Christian Life Centre."

Source Hillsong Church (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

This source names Global directly: "current governance (the Hillsong Global Board and Eldership, the Dooleys as global senior pastors since February 2023), the 2024 count of 28 Australian churches and presence in 27 countries, and the..."

Source Hillsong Church (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

This source names Global directly: "set a tier below the network's own global annual report for that reason."

Source History of ADRA (ADRA Asia Regional Office)ADRA Asia Regional Office

This source names Global directly: "from a single American channel into a global network of dozens of regional Hope Channels broadcasting in more than eighty languages across Africa, Asia, Europe, South America and the Pacific by the..."

Source Hope Channel (Inter-American Division, Seventh-day Adventist Church)

This source names Global directly: "naming the 2003 launch and its global channel count."

Source Hope Channel (Inter-American Division, Seventh-day Adventist Church)

This source names Global directly: "as the founding event of modern global Pentecostalism, written by a participant who was present."

Source How Pentecost Came to Los AngelesFrank Bartleman

This source names Global directly: "VERA Files' and the Global Media Registry's Media Ownership Monitor Philippines profile of the Iglesia ni Cristo, recording its revenue and operating profit fields as missing data and listing the..."

Source Iglesia ni Cristo (Media Ownership Monitor Philippines)

This source names Global directly: "flexibility for the faith's growing global operations."

Source Jehovah's Witnesses Purchase Property Adjacent to Their World Headquarters (jw.org)

This source names Global directly: "to Utah and its twentieth-century global growth."

Source Joseph Smith and the Beginnings of MormonismRichard L. Bushman

This source names Global directly: "Tom Hays, dated 20 July 2021, read via Global News, reporting Keith Raniere's 3.5 million dollar restitution order to 21 named victims, used to document why NXIVM's public financial record is..."

Source Keith Raniere Ordered to Pay 3.5 Million Dollars in Restitution (Associated Press via Global News, 2021)Tom Hays

Showing 1 to 50 of 126 in Associated With, page 1 of 3.

Contrasts With

Africa, Continents

Global is not a landmass. It marks material whose spread crosses the continents rather than belonging to one of them.

Source A History of Western AstrologyNicholas Campion
Americas, Continents

Global is not a landmass. It marks material whose spread crosses the continents rather than belonging to one of them.

Source A History of Western AstrologyNicholas Campion
Asia, Continents

Global is not a landmass. It marks material whose spread crosses the continents rather than belonging to one of them.

Source A History of Western AstrologyNicholas Campion
Europe, Continents

Global is not a landmass. It marks material whose spread crosses the continents rather than belonging to one of them.

Source A History of Western AstrologyNicholas Campion

Spread Events Here

Anchored to the same Global continent entity the Latter-day Saints' own global-south growth event already uses, since this fact is genuinely worldwide rather than tied to one country or region.

Source Pentecostal Resource Page (Pew Research Center, 2006)Pew Research Center

This shift spans Latin America, Africa and Asia at once, unlike this movement's earlier, place-specific events, so it is not pinned to any one continent on the map; the specific regions and the 1996 milestone are named in the description above.

Source Over Half LDS Now Outside U.S. (Church News)John L. Hart
Sources
1. A History of Horoscopic Astrology
James Herschel Holden, American Federation of Astrologers, 2006View the Source
2. A History of Western Astrology
Nicholas Campion, Continuum, 2009Publisher's book description, on the volume's scope
Quote, Publisher's book description, on the volume's scope
This is the first comprehensive examination of the origins of western astrology from ancient times to the end of the classical world, around 500 BCE.
View the Source
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