Country

India

Also Known As Indian

Asia

India is the birthplace of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism, and it holds pilgrimage sites, monastic lineages and philosophical schools for all four alongside a large, long established Muslim population and smaller Christian, Parsi and Jewish communities. The Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas and the great epics were composed and transmitted here, mostly in Sanskrit, and temple architecture, yoga and tantric traditions, and astrological systems remain living practice rather than historical artifact. Religious identity is also a source of active political tension, including recurring communal violence and disputes over holy sites, which the atlas notes as contested rather than settled. Regional diversity is extreme: Kashmir's Sufi and Hindu heritage, Kerala's ancient Christian and Jewish communities, and Punjab's Sikh homeland each give India internal religious variety that a single national description cannot flatten.

Facts

Law and State

Establishment Status

Secular State Declared 3

The constitution declares India a secular state under the 42nd Amendment of 1976, guaranteeing freedom of religion under Articles 25 to 28; marriage, divorce and inheritance are still governed by separate religious personal laws rather than a uniform civil code.

State Funding Mechanism

India ran a direct Hajj subsidy from 1954, paid as concessionary airline fares and worth about 100 million dollars in 2013 and 75 million dollars by 2016, until Minister for Minority Affairs Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi ended it on 16 January 2018, four years ahead of a 2012 Supreme Court order that had directed its gradual phase out by 2022, redirecting the freed funds toward education for minority girls and women. State religious funding continues today through a different channel: statutory endowment boards such as Tamil Nadu's Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department, overseeing more than 36,000 temples, and the state Wakf Boards administer religious trust income under government supervision rather than through direct budget subsidy. 4

Apostasy or Blasphemy Law

India criminalized religious-feelings insult, not named blasphemy, under Section 295A of the Indian Penal Code, added in 1927 after a prosecution over an anti-Muhammad tract failed to fit the narrower Section 295: it punished deliberate and malicious acts intended to outrage the religious feelings of any class of citizens, by words spoken or written, signs, visible representations or otherwise, with imprisonment up to three years, a fine, or both, rising to five years if committed in a place of worship. Effective 1 July 2024 the provision was replaced by Section 299 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, which carries forward the same conduct and the same maximum penalty under India's recodified criminal law. India has no apostasy statute; conversion between religions is lawful, though several states restrict conversion procedurally under anti-conversion laws aimed at alleged inducement rather than apostasy itself. Section 295A is cognizable and non-bailable and has been invoked across the political and religious spectrum, against critics of Hinduism, Islam and Christianity alike, and courts have repeatedly narrowed its use to acts carrying genuine malicious intent rather than mere offense. 5

Registration or Recognition Regime

No national law requires a religious group to register, but a group that receives funding from outside the country must register under the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, whose licenses the central government has suspended from numerous religious and charitable organizations, Christian and Muslim among them, citing violations of the act's terms. Separately, twelve of India's states have enacted their own anti-conversion laws as of 2023, generally requiring a district official's prior approval of a conversion and providing fines or imprisonment for anyone found to have induced one by force, fraud or inducement; the laws apply chiefly to conversion out of Hinduism and are administered state by state rather than nationally. 6

Ban or Official Watchlist

The US Commission on International Religious Freedom has repeatedly recommended in its annual reports that the State Department designate India a Country of Particular Concern. On 4 January 2024 the Secretary of State announced the department's Countries of Particular Concern list, renewing twelve other designations, and India was not among them; the commission called the omission unjustified and asked Congress to hold a hearing on the decision. India carries no Countries of Particular Concern or Special Watch List designation from the State Department itself. 7

Concordat Basisthe subject's own account

India holds no concordat with the Holy See. An Apostolic Delegation to the East Indies existed from 1881, and Pope Pius XII raised it to a full internunciature covering all of India on 12 June 1948, shortly after independence. That upgrade formalized diplomatic representation but did not take the form of a bilateral treaty, consistent with India's own constitutional secularism, which recognizes no established religion. 8

Classification

State Funding of Religion

State Neutrality Among Religions 9

Disputed

Legal Status

The constitution declares India a secular state (the word "secular" added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976), guaranteeing freedom of religion under Articles 25-28; marriage, divorce and inheritance are still governed by separate religious personal laws rather than a Uniform Civil Code. 3

India's constitution declares the country a secular state, the word secular itself only added to the preamble by the 42nd constitutional amendment in 1976 rather than present in the original 1950 text, and guarantees freedom of religion to all citizens under Articles 25 to 28. Separately, marriage, divorce, inheritance and related family matters continue to be governed by distinct personal laws specific to each major religious community rather than by one uniform civil code applying equally to all citizens. Whether India should adopt a single Uniform Civil Code replacing these separate religious personal laws, a possibility named in the constitution's non-binding Directive Principles since 1950 but never legislated nationally, is a long-running political and legal debate: proponents argue it would deliver legal equality regardless of religion, while opponents, concentrated among religious minority communities, argue it would override minority religious practice. The debate remains unresolved because no national government has to date enacted the uniform code the constitution's own directive principles contemplate.

Demographics

Religious Composition

About 79-80% Hindu, 14-15% Muslim (one of the largest Muslim populations in the world by absolute number), with Christian, Sikh, Buddhist and Jain minorities (India Census 2011; Pew Research Center, Religious Composition of the World, 2010-2020). 1

Government

Capital

New Delhi 2

Government Type

federal parliamentary republic 2

Sovereignty Status

Sovereign UN member state 2

Established Year

1947 2

15 August 1947 (from the UK)

Geography

Latitude

20.6 degrees north 2

Approximate reference point, rounded to one decimal place; a country's extent has no single center, so this coordinate is conventional, not a survey measurement.

Longitude

79 degrees east 2

Approximate reference point, rounded to one decimal place; a country's extent has no single center, so this coordinate is conventional, not a survey measurement.

Government type (class)

Parliamentary republic 2

Government type (class)

Federal republic 2

Location

Learn More

The Textual Corpus of Classical India

India's classical religious literature spans an unusually long and layered textual tradition, beginning with the Rigveda and the other three Vedas, composed in Vedic Sanskrit and transmitted for centuries through exact oral memorization before being fixed in writing, a preservation method so rigorous that reciters could reconstruct a text precisely even where transmission drifted elsewhere in a lineage.

The Upanishads, composed later and appended to the Vedic corpus, shifted the tradition's center of gravity toward philosophical inquiry into the nature of self and reality, supplying much of the vocabulary later Hindu philosophical schools would debate for two thousand years. The two great epics, the Mahabharata and the Ramayana, developed over centuries through oral and later written transmission and carry embedded religious teaching within their narrative frame, most famously the Bhagavad Gita, a philosophical dialogue set within the Mahabharata that has become one of Hinduism's most widely read texts in its own right.

The Puranas, composed later still, organized much Hindu mythology, cosmology, and sectarian devotional material, including the narratives feeding Vaishnava and Shaiva traditions, into the forms in which they are known today. Buddhism and Jainism, both native to India, produced parallel textual traditions of comparable depth, the former largely in Pali and Sanskrit and the latter chiefly in Ardhamagadhi Prakrit, meaning India's classical output spans several distinct religious systems rather than one continuous line. Sikhism's Guru Granth Sahib, compiled far later in Punjabi and other regional languages, extended this textual tradition into the early modern period.

Contested Sacred Sites in Modern India

Several sites central to Indian religious life sit at the center of ongoing legal and political dispute rather than settled devotional consensus, and this record treats these disputes as attributed and contested rather than resolved. The most prominent is the site at Ayodhya, where a mosque, the Babri Masjid, stood until its demolition by a Hindu nationalist crowd in 1992, an event following decades of dispute over whether the site marked the birthplace of the deity Rama and had previously held a Hindu temple; India's Supreme Court ruled in 2019 to award the site for construction of a Hindu temple while directing that alternate land be provided for a new mosque, a decision that resolved the legal question without resolving the underlying historical and communal disagreement, which independent observers describe as still unsettled.

Kashmir carries a related but distinct layer of contested religious and political history, holding significant Sufi shrines, Hindu temple sites, and a Buddhist heritage in Ladakh, all set within a decades long territorial dispute between India and Pakistan that has shaped religious demography and access to sites on both sides of the line of control. Communal violence linked to religious identity recurs periodically in various Indian states, documented by domestic and international human rights reporting, and the country's constitutional commitment to secularism sits in active tension with religious nationalist movements that some observers describe as reshaping that commitment in practice, a characterization noted here as contested rather than adopted as settled fact. These disputes are a documented feature of religious life in contemporary India rather than a marginal footnote to it.

India

6 entries

Spread Status

Era

Connections

Ancient and Historical Regions

Assam

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Assam

Bihar

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Bihar

Deccan

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search results for Deccan

Gujarat

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Gujarat

Himalayas

Source WorldAtlas: Where Are the Himalayas

India

Source India (Wikipedia)

Karnataka

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Karnataka

Kerala

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Kerala

Maharashtra

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Maharashtra

Manipur

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Manipur

Meghalaya

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Meghalaya

Punjab

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search results for Punjab

Rajasthan

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Rajasthan

Tamil Nadu

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Tamil Nadu

Uttar Pradesh

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Uttar Pradesh

Uttarakhand

Source GeoNames: GeoNames search for Uttarakhand

Associated With

About Siddhachalam (Siddhachalam.org)

This source names India directly: "itself the only Jain tirtha outside India."

Source About Siddhachalam (Siddhachalam.org)

Acharya Sushil Kumarji Founds Siddhachalam, The First Jain Tirtha Outside India

This source names India directly: "American Jains describe it as the first Jain tirtha outside India and the only Jain monastery outside the country."

Source About Siddhachalam (Siddhachalam.org)

Adivasi

Its own cited description places the Sarna complex among Adivasi peoples of eastern and central India.

Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)

Aga Khan Health Services (AKDN Official Agency Page)

This source names India directly: "centres, a 158 bed hospital in India, the largest not for profit private healthcare system in Pakistan, and 14 million people cared for annually across the wider AKDN Health network."

Source Aga Khan Health Services (AKDN Official Agency Page)Aga Khan Development Network

Ahimsa: Non-Violence (1987)

This source names India directly: "at nearly one hundred locations across India."

Source American Archive of Public Broadcasting, "Ahimsa: Non-Violence" Catalog Record

Ajanta Cave Paintings

This source names India directly: "River in present-day Maharashtra, India."

Source Ajanta Caves, Paintings (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Ajivika

This source names India directly: "ascetic religious tradition of ancient India, contemporary with the earliest generations of Buddhism and Jainism and drawn from the same wandering sramana milieu of the Ganges basin."

Source History of Indian Buddhism: From the Origins to the Saka EraEtienne Lamotte, translated by Sara Webb-Boin

Akbar the Great Mogul, 1542-1605

This source names India directly: "as a leading British historian of India in his period and the book's long-standing status as a foundational English language biography of Akbar."

Source Akbar the Great Mogul, 1542-1605Vincent A. Smith

Alberuni's India

This source names India directly: "Alberuni's India, Edward C."

Source Alberuni's IndiaAbu Rayhan al-Biruni, translated by Edward C. Sachau

Arabian Sea

The Indian west coast carries the Mappila and Konkani Muslim communities, the Parsi landing site and the basilica at Goa.

Source The Indian OceanMichael Pearson

Archaeological Survey of India (institutional record)

This source names India directly: "The Archaeological Survey of India is cited here from its own institutional record as the government body responsible for archaeological research and protection of monuments across India, a role it..."

Source Archaeological Survey of India (institutional record)the holders' own account

Asaram Bapu Rape Conviction

This source names India directly: "A further appeal to the Supreme Court of India was pending as of late June 2026, which had refused to suspend the sentence."

Source Al Jazeera: High-Profile Guru Asaram Bapu Sentenced to Life for Rape

Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay v. Union of India, petition challenging the Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991

This source names India directly: "Union of India, the lead petition filed in 2020 challenging the Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991, before the Supreme Court of India, is the primary litigation document confirmed as..."

Source Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay v. Union of India, petition challenging the Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991Supreme Court of India

ASI Survey Report on Gyanvapi Mosque

This source names India directly: "the Archaeological Survey of India's survey findings at the Gyanvapi Mosque site, a currently contested and actively litigated matter in India."

Source ASI Survey Report on Gyanvapi MosqueDrishti IAS

Asoka and the Decline of the Mauryas

This source names India directly: "Thapar is among the most influential historians of ancient India, and this early work established the critical, epigraphy first approach to Ashoka that later scholarship in the field has generally..."

Source Asoka and the Decline of the MauryasRomila Thapar

Astrological Melothesia in Ancient Rome and India: Intercultural Conversations in Religion, Medicine, and Technical Science

This source names India directly: "Melothesia in Ancient Rome and India, Tejas Aralere's 2023 dissertation in Classics, co-advised across Classics and Religious Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara, confirmed..."

Source Astrological Melothesia in Ancient Rome and India: Intercultural Conversations in Religion, Medicine, and Technical ScienceTejas Subramanya Aralere

Ayaro = Acaranga Sutra (Internet Archive)

This source names India directly: "Bharati, Ladnun-341306, Rajasthan, India..."

Source Ayaro = Acaranga Sutra (Internet Archive)Internet Archive (digitized catalogue record)

Balinese

This source names India directly: "distinct from Hinduism as practised in India, and its temple festivals remain widely and publicly observed today."

Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)

Bhagavad Gita 9:22

This source names India directly: "It is inscribed on the emblem of the Life Insurance Corporation of India, which is an unusually literal application of scripture."

Source Srimad-Bhagavad-Gita, English translation and commentarySwami Swarupananda

Bhagwan Mahaveer Viklang Sahayata Samiti (Jaipur Foot)

This source names India directly: "operating fitment centres across India and holding fitment camps in dozens of countries."

Source 50 Years of BMVSS: How the Jaipur Limb Parent Company Rehabilitated 2.3 Million Since Inception (The Federal)The Federal (staff report)

Bhil

Its own cited description places the Bhil peoples in western India.

Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)

Bodo

This source names India directly: "Bodo people of Assam in northeastern India, worshipped without an image at an altar built around the sijou, a species of Euphorbia planted in the courtyard."

Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)

British Empire

India was governed by the Company until 1858 and then by the Crown, under a promise of religious non-interference and a system of personal law by community.

Source Religion Versus Empire? British Protestant Missionaries and Overseas Expansion, 1700-1914Andrew Porter

Buddhism Reaches China

This source names India directly: "Emperor Ming's dream and an embassy to India, conventionally dated to 67 CE, is a later legendary elaboration rather than an independently verifiable event."

Source The Buddhist Conquest of China: The Spread and Adaptation of Buddhism in Early Medieval ChinaErik Zurcher

Buddhism Reaches Vietnam

This source names India directly: "early routes: possibly directly from India as early as the third or second century BCE, and separately from China from around the first century CE onward."

Source Buddhism in Vietnam (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Buddhist Sects in India

This source names India directly: "Buddhist Sects in India, Nalinaksha Dutt's 1970 survey from Firma K."

Source Buddhist Sects in IndiaNalinaksha Dutt

Business Standard (PTI): Gujarat Court Convicts Asaram's Son Narayan Sai in Rape Case

This source names India directly: "A Press Trust of India (PTI) wire report, carried by Business Standard on 26 April 2019, on a Surat sessions court's conviction of Narayan Sai, son of the Hindu guru Asaram Bapu, in a case brought..."

Source Business Standard (PTI): Gujarat Court Convicts Asaram's Son Narayan Sai in Rape CasePress Trust of India (PTI)

Chaitra Parva

This source names India directly: "West Bengal and Odisha in eastern India, also called Chal-it Parab."

Source Chaitra Parva and Seraikela Chhau (Sahapedia)Sahapedia

Chhau Dance

This source names India directly: "and martial dance tradition of eastern India, performed in three regional styles: Seraikella in Jharkhand and Purulia in West Bengal, both danced in mask, and Mayurbhanj in Odisha, danced bare faced."

Source Chhau Dance (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Chhau Dance, UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity

This source names India directly: "List record for Chhau dance of eastern India, inscribed 2010, consulted 2026-08-13."

Source Chhau Dance, UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of HumanityUNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage

Christopher Pinney, Photos of the Gods: The Printed Image and Political Struggle in India, Reaktion Books, 2004

This source names India directly: "of the printed devotional image in India, centered on Ravi Varma's press and its role in the political and cultural life of the images it produced."

Source Christopher Pinney, Photos of the Gods: The Printed Image and Political Struggle in India, Reaktion Books, 2004Christopher Pinney

Connected Places: Region, Pilgrimage, and Geographical Imagination in India

This source names India directly: "pilgrimage networks in Maharashtra, India."

Source Connected Places: Region, Pilgrimage, and Geographical Imagination in IndiaAnne Feldhaus

Constitution of India, Article 25, Explanation I

This source names India directly: "Explanation I, of the Constitution of India, adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India in 1950, is the primary constitutional text providing that the wearing and carrying of kirpans is deemed..."

Source Constitution of India, Article 25, Explanation IConstituent Assembly of India

Countries with the Most Hindus & Global Hindu Population Change, 2010-2020

This source names India directly: "95 percent of all Hindus living in India."

Source Countries with the Most Hindus & Global Hindu Population Change, 2010-2020

Crime in India, annual report

This source names India directly: "Crime in India, the annual report of India's National Crime Records Bureau, is an official government statistical series, cited here without a single edition year since it is an ongoing annual..."

Source Crime in India, annual reportNational Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India

Dawar, "On Wings of Fire: Cyrus H. Bharucha's Film on Zoroastrianism Generates Heat Among Orthodoxy," India Today, 1986

This source names India directly: "Contemporary reporting from India Today, one of India's largest national English language news magazines, published within weeks of the film's June 1986 Mumbai premiere, covering the objections..."

Source Dawar, "On Wings of Fire: Cyrus H. Bharucha's Film on Zoroastrianism Generates Heat Among Orthodoxy," India Today, 1986Rati Dawar

Death in Banaras

This source names India directly: "death ritual as practiced elsewhere in India needs a source addressing that different local context directly."

Source Death in BanarasJonathan P. Parry

Exposition of the Sacred Relics of Lord Buddha, The Holy Buddha Relics (Government of India)

This source names India directly: "This is the Government of India's own Press Information Bureau briefing, issued through the Ministry of Culture in 2024, on the Kapilavastu Relics, recovered by K."

Source Exposition of the Sacred Relics of Lord Buddha, The Holy Buddha Relics (Government of India)Ministry of Culture, Government of Indiathe holders' own account

Famed Piprahwa Gems On Display in India After More Than 120 Years Abroad

This source names India directly: "material for the first time in India since the collection left the country more than a century earlier, following the relics' 2025 repatriation."

Source Famed Piprahwa Gems On Display in India After More Than 120 Years AbroadBuddhistdoor

Feeding a Thousand Souls: Women, Ritual, and Ecology in India, An Exploration of the Kolam

This source names India directly: "Souls, Women, Ritual, and Ecology in India, An Exploration of the Kolam, published by Oxford University Press in 2018, is a scholarly study of the kolam, the rice flour threshold designs drawn daily..."

Source Feeding a Thousand Souls: Women, Ritual, and Ecology in India, An Exploration of the KolamVijaya Nagarajan

First Anniversary of the Opening of the Kartarpur Corridor (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Pakistan)

This source names India directly: "purpose of letting Sikh pilgrims from India visit Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur without a visa, and United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres's visit describing it as a Corridor of Hope."

Source First Anniversary of the Opening of the Kartarpur Corridor (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Pakistan)

Former US Krishna Leader Swami Bhaktipada Dies (CBS News)

This source names India directly: "Bhaktipada), reporting his death in India at 74."

Source Former US Krishna Leader Swami Bhaktipada Dies (CBS News)CBS News (wire report)

From Rs 63 Crore to Rs 171 Crore: Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine in J&K Records Massive Increase in Donations in 5 Years (ETV Bharat/PTI, 2025)

This source names India directly: "Bharat's carriage of a Press Trust of India report on the Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board's Right to Information disclosure of five years of pilgrim donation and precious metal offering figures."

Source From Rs 63 Crore to Rs 171 Crore: Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine in J&K Records Massive Increase in Donations in 5 Years (ETV Bharat/PTI, 2025)PTI (Press Trust of India)

Ganges River

The river crosses the northern Indian plain, and in 2017 a state high court declared it a legal person, a ruling stayed within months.

Source Banaras: City of LightDiana L. Eck

Garo

This source names India directly: "the Garo of Meghalaya in northeastern India, among them Tatara Rabuga, the creator, and Misi Saljong, the sun god associated with fertility and the harvest."

Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)

Gaushala (Wikipedia)

This source names India directly: "article on the gaushala movement in India, consulted 2026-08-11."

Source Gaushala (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Gond

Its own cited description places the religion of the Gond peoples in central India.

Source Encyclopedia of ReligionMircea Eliade (ed.); Lindsay Jones (ed., 2nd ed.)

Gurbani Broadcast from Sri Harmandir Sahib

This source names India directly: "Golden Temple, in Amritsar, Punjab, India, is a broadcasting practice controlled by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC), the elected body that has governed Sikh gurdwaras under the..."

Source History of Gurbani Broadcast (The Tribune)

Henry Steel Olcott

This source names India directly: "headquarters to Adyar, near Madras in India, where he worked to connect Theosophy with a revival of Buddhism and Hinduism, formally converting to Buddhism in Sri Lanka in 1880 and campaigning for..."

Source The Theosophical EnlightenmentJoscelyn Godwin

Hinduism

About 79 to 80% of the population is Hindu, the largest religious group by a wide margin.

Source Religious Composition of the World, 2010-2020Pew Research Center

Showing 1 to 50 of 185 in Associated With, page 1 of 4.

Contains

Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam

Source The Theology of Ramanuja: An Essay in Interreligious UnderstandingJohn B. Carman

Rumtek Monastery

Source Encyclopaedia Britannica (online academic reference)Encyclopaedia Britannica editors

Sabarimala

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Sammed Shikharji

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Sarnath

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Shravanabelagola

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Shravanabelagola

Source Encyclopaedia Britannica (online academic reference)Encyclopaedia Britannica editors

Sodhi family of Kartarpur

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Somnath Temple

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Sree Padmanabhaswamy Temple

Source Encyclopaedia Britannica (online academic reference)Encyclopaedia Britannica editors

Takht Sri Damdama Sahib

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Takht Sri Hazur Sahib

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Takht Sri Patna Sahib

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

The Akal Takht

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

The Paradesi Synagogue

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

The Vishnupad Temple, Gaya

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Tirumala Tirupati Venkateswara Temple

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Triveni Sangam and the Kumbh Mela

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Udvada Atash Behram

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Vaishali

Vaishali is an archaeological landscape in the Vaishali district of Bihar.

Source India: A Sacred GeographyDiana L. Eck

Vaishno Devi

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Valabhi

The site is in Bhavnagar district in Gujarat, beside the town of Vala.

Source The JainsPaul Dundas

Varanasi

Varanasi lies in the modern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Source Banaras: City of LightDiana L. Eck

Varanasi

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Vitthal Temple, Pandharpur

Source Divinity Atlas Entity Records, First Edition

Vrindavan

Yamunotri

Source Encyclopaedia Britannica (online academic reference)Encyclopaedia Britannica editors

Showing 51 to 78 of 78 in Contains, page 2 of 2.

Originated Here

Ahimsa Hand

Source The JainsPaul Dundas

Akshaya Tritiya

Source Akshaya Tritiya (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Ambubachi Mela

Source Ambubachi Mela (Wikipedia)

Bada Udasin Akhara

Source Uttar Pradesh State Tourism Development Corporation: Akharas of the Kumbh (Uttar Pradesh State Tourism Development Corporation)

Bhai Dooj

Source Bhai Dooj (Wikipedia)

Bharat Sevashram Sangha

Source Bharat Sevashram Sangha (Wikipedia)

Brahmo Samaj

Source Brahmo Samaj (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Buddhism

Source New World Encyclopedia: Buddhism

Chaturmasya

Source Chaturmasya (Wikipedia)

Chhath Puja

Source Chhath Puja (Wikipedia)

Chishti Order

Source Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order in South Asia and BeyondCarl W. Ernst and Bruce B. Lawrence

Chishtiyya (Chishti Order)

Source Sufism: A Global HistoryNile Green

Das Lakshana Parva

The Digambara Jain observance of the ten virtues.

Source The Oxford Dictionary of World ReligionsJohn Bowker (ed.)

Dhanteras

Source Dhanteras (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Diwali

Source Diwali (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Durga Puja

Source Durga Puja (Wikipedia)

Dussehra

Source Vijayadashami (Wikipedia)

Ganesh Chaturthi

Source Ganesh Chaturthi (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Govardhan Puja

Source Govardhan Puja (Wikipedia)

Gudi Padwa

Source Gudi Padwa (Wikipedia)

Gurdwara Reform Movement

Source Gurdwara Reform Movement (Wikipedia)

Guru Purnima

Source Guru Purnima (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Hanuman Jayanti

Source Hanuman Jayanti (Wikipedia)

Holi

Source Holi (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Jainism

Source New Advent, Catholic Encyclopedia: Jainism

Karva Chauth

Source Karva Chauth (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Kathina

The robe-offering month, prescribed in the Indian monastic code.

Source The Princeton Dictionary of BuddhismRobert E. Buswell Jr. and Donald S. Lopez Jr.

Krishna Janmashtami

Source Krishna Janmashtami (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Kumbh Mela

Source Kumbh Mela (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Madariyya

Source Madariyya (Wikipedia)

Maha Shivaratri

Source Maha Shivaratri (Wikipedia)

Makar Sankranti

Source Makar Sankranti (Wikipedia)

Naga Panchami

Source Naga Panchami (Wikipedia)

Nanakshahi Calendar

Source The Oxford Handbook of Sikh StudiesPashaura Singh and Louis E. Fenech (eds.)

Navaratri

Source Navaratri (Wikipedia)

Nirmal Akhara

Source Uttar Pradesh State Tourism Development Corporation: Akharas of the Kumbh (Uttar Pradesh State Tourism Development Corporation)

Onam

Source Onam (Wikipedia)

Paryushana

Source Paryushana (Wikipedia)

Pitru Paksha

Source Pitru Paksha (Wikipedia)

Pongal

The Tamil harvest festival of the first days of Thai.

Source The Hindu Religious YearMuriel Marion Underhill

Punjabis

Source Encyclopaedia Britannica (online academic reference)Encyclopaedia Britannica editors

Radha Soami

Source Wikipedia: Radha Soami

Radha Soami Satsang Beas

Source Radha Soami Satsang Beas (Wikipedia)

Rajneesh Movement

Source Zorba the Buddha: Sex, Spirituality, and Capitalism in the Global Osho MovementHugh B. Urban

Raksha Bandhan

Source Raksha Bandhan (Wikipedia)

Ramakrishna Order (Ramakrishna Math and Mission)

Source Encyclopedia of HinduismDenise Cush, Catherine Robinson and Michael York (eds.)

Ramayana

Source The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (Encyclopedia.com): Ramayana

Ratha Yatra

Source Ratha Yatra (Wikipedia)

Sant Shri Asaramji Bapu Ashram Trust

Source Al Jazeera: High-Profile Guru Asaram Bapu Sentenced to Life for Rape

Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee

Source Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (Wikipedia)

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Bengali

West Bengal is a state of modern India.

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Akbar Confers the Title Jagadguru on Hiravijaya Suri

Source The JainsPaul Dundas

Akbar Invites Dastur Meherji Rana to the Ibadat Khana

Source The Ibadat Khana (World History Encyclopedia)

Aurangzeb Executes Guru Tegh Bahadur in Delhi

Source Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji (DSGMC)

Buddhism Arises in the Ganges Plain

The Ganges plain, in the modern Indian states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

Source History of Indian Buddhism: From the Origins to the Saka EraEtienne Lamotte, translated by Sara Webb-Boin

Buddhism Is Revived Among Dalits in India

Deekshabhoomi, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

Source Dhammachakra Pravartan Din (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Buddhism Nearly Disappears From India

Nalanda, Vikramashila and Odantapuri, in what is now Bihar, India.

Source Nalanda Mahavihara (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Devarddhi-gani Redacts the Svetambara Canon at Valabhi

Source Devarddhi-gani: Canon Redaction at Valabhi (Jainpedia)

India Grants Jains National Minority Status

Source Jains in India Get Minority Status (Al Jazeera)

India Launches The Jiyo Parsi Scheme

Source Jiyo Parsi Scheme (Drishti IAS)

India's Government Halts Tourism at the Jain Site of Sammed Shikharji

Source Sammed Shikharji Eco Sensitive Zone Tourism Stay (Press Information Bureau, Government of India)

Islam Spreads in South Asia Through the Chishti Order

Ajmer and Delhi, in India.

Source Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order in South Asia and BeyondCarl W. Ernst and Bruce B. Lawrence

Kandhamal (Odisha) Anti-Christian Violence (2007 to 2008)

Kushan-Era Inscriptions at Mathura Date Jainism's Earliest Named Community

Source Vincent A. Smith, The Jain Stupa and Other Antiquities of Mathura (Archaeological Survey of India, 1901)Vincent A. Smith

Narendra Modi Consecrates the Ram Mandir in Ayodhya

Source Modi Inaugurates the Ram Mandir at Ayodhya (CBS News)Arshad R. Zargar

Parsis Establish Bombay As Their Community's Centre

Bombay (now Mumbai); no separate city entity exists in the graph, so this anchors to India.

Source Parsis (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

Partition of India

Queen Lokamahadevi Builds the Virupaksha Temple at Pattadakal

Source Group of Monuments at Pattadakal (UNESCO World Heritage Centre)

Rajaraja I Dedicates the Brihadeeswarar Temple at Thanjavur

Source Great Living Chola Temples (Archaeological Survey of India)

Shivaji's Coronation at Raigad Establishes Hindavi Swarajya

Source Stewart Gordon, The Marathas 1600-1818 (Cambridge University Press)Stewart Gordon

Sivaskandavarman Performs the Ashvamedha and Grants Land to Brahmins at Kanchipuram

Source K.A. Nilakanta Sastri, A History of South India: From Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar (Oxford University Press)K.A. Nilakanta Sastri

The 1992-93 Bombay Riots

The Babri Masjid Demolition and 1992 Nationwide Riots

The Digambara-Svetambara Split Is Completed

Across the Indian subcontinent; the Vallabhi council itself sat in Gujarat.

Source Digambara (Encyclopaedia Britannica)The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

The Goa Inquisition Suppresses Hindu Worship in Goa

Source Goa Inquisition (Wikipedia)

The Maha Kumbh Mela Draws Hundreds of Millions to Prayagraj

Source Maha Kumbh Mela 2025 (Prayagraj District Government)

The Mughal Empire Establishes Islam as Dominant in North India

Source Islam in India (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors

UNESCO Inscribes the Moravian Church Settlements on the World Heritage List